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186 lines
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh" dir="ltr"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="main.css"/><title>卷二十三</title><style typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" about="#mwt1"><![CDATA[@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.header{display:table!important}}]]></style></head><body class="mw-content-ltr sitedir-ltr ltr mw-body-content parsoid-body mediawiki mw-parser-output" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.23.0.0-alpha10" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0" xml:lang="zh"><section data-mw-section-id="0"><span about="#mwt1">
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</span><table class="ws-header" style="border-spacing:0px; padding:0px; width:100%; margin-bottom:0px; border:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#93A6C0); background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#F9F9F9); color: inherit;text-align:center;" about="#mwt1">
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<tbody><tr><td style="width:25%; text-align: left;"><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c24_tai_ping_yu_lan_0022.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0022">時序部七</a> <span style="color:#999"> ◄ </span></td>
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<td style="width:50%; text-align: center;"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c0_tai_ping_yu_lan.xhtml" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a></b><br/>卷二十三.時序部八</td>
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<td style="width:25%; text-align: right;"><span style="color:#999"> ► </span> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c26_tai_ping_yu_lan_0024.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0024">時序部九</a><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/></td></tr>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="1"><h2 id="xia_xia"><span id="id-.E5.A4.8F.E4.B8.8B" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>夏下</h2>
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<p>《淮南子》曰:中央土,其帝黃帝,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt3" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>黃帝以土德王天下,號曰軒轅氏,死托祀于中央之帝。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其佐后土,執繩而制四方止,其神爲鎮星,其獸黃龍,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt4" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>土色黃也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其音宮,其日戊己。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音,土也。戊己,土日也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:孟夏之月,南宮禦女赤色,衣赤采,吹竽笙,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>火生南方,故處南宮也。竽笙中空象陽,故吹。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其兵戟。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>戟有枝幹,象陽布散也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>四月官田,其樹桃。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>四月勉農事,故官田也,桃,說與杏同。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>五月官相,其樹榆。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>是月養氣長養,故官相佐也。榆,說未聞也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>季夏之月,中宮禦女黃色,衣黃采,其兵劍。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>季夏,中央也。劍有兩刃,喻無所不主也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:貧人則夏被褐帶素,含菽飲水,支暑熱;冬則羊裘蔽體,短褐不掩形,而煬灶口。</p>
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<p>又曰:鄒衍事燕惠王盡忠,左右譖之,系之。仰天而哭,夏五月,天爲之降霜。</p>
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<p>又曰:陽氣爲火,陰氣爲水。水勝,故夏氣濕,火勝,故冬至燥。八尺之表,影修尺有五寸,影修則陰氣勝,短則陽氣勝,陰氣勝則爲水,陽氣勝則爲旱。</p>
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<p>又曰:南方之極,自北戶孫之外,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>北戶、孫,國名也。曰所在其北,皆爲北向戶。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>貫顓頊之國,南至委火炎風之野,夏赤。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏赤帝祝融之所司者,萬二千里。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>赤帝,炎帝,少典之子,號爲神農。南方火德之帝也。祝融顓頊之孫,老童之子吳回也一。名黎,爲高辛氏火正,號爲祝融,死爲火神也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其令曰:爵有功,賞有德,惠賢良,救饑渴,舉力農,振貧窮,惠孤寡,憂罷<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音疲。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>疾,出大賞,起毀宗,立無後,封建侯,立賢輔。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>應陽施也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:夏行春令則多風。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>象春木氣多風。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:孟夏之月,招搖指巳,盛德在火。</p>
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<p>又曰:六月失政,十二月草木不脫。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不脫,葉著樹,不零落也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:景風至,則施爵位,賞有功。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>夏至,陰氣在下,陽勝于上,象陽布施。故賞有功,封建諸侯。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:夏治以衡,衡者所以平萬物也。衡之爲度也,緩而不後,平而不怨,施而不德,匝而不責,常平民祿,以繼不足,勃勃揚揚,惟德是行,養長化育,萬物蕃昌,以成五穀,以實封疆,其政不失,天地乃明。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>明,理也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《呂氏春秋》曰:杜厲叔事莒閔公,以爲不知,去居海上,夏食菱芡,冬食橡栗。</p>
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<p>《呂氏春秋》曰:季夏之月,令漁師伐蛟升龜。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>漁師,掌漁官。蛟有能害人,難得,故言伐。龜神,可以决吉凶,入宗廟尊之,故言升。蛟則害,龜則神也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>傅玄《述夏》曰:四月維夏,運臻正陽,和風穆而扇物,麥含露而飛芒,鳳皇升而王萯秀,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>王萯,草名。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>龍辰中而螢火翔。</p>
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<p>魏文帝詩曰:夏時饒溫和,避暑就清凉。北坐高閣下,延賓作名倡。嘉肴重迭來,珍果在一旁。棋局縱橫陳,博弈合雙楊。功拙更勝負,歡美樂人腸。從朝至日夕,安知夏節長。</p>
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<p>賈誼《鵂鵩鳥賦》曰:單閼之歲兮,四月孟夏,庚子日斜兮,鵂鵩集予舍。</p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="2"><h2 id="li_xia"><span id="id-.E7.AB.8B.E5.A4.8F" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>立夏</h2>
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<p>《禮記·月令》曰:四月之節,日在昴,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>立夏爲四月節。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>昏翼中,曉牽牛中,鬥建巳位之初,其日丙丁。立夏之日,螻蟈鳴。太史以先立夏三日謁于天子曰:「某日立夏,盛德在火。」天子乃齋。立夏之日,天子親率三公九卿大夫,迎夏于南郊。還乃賞公卿諸侯大夫于朝,慶賜遂行,無不欣悅。命相贊杰俊,遂賢良,舉長大,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>贊猶揚也。遂猶遠也。杰俊,謂才兼于人者。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>行爵出祿必當其位。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>無虛授也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《易說》曰:立夏清明風至而暑,鶴鳴博穀飛,電見龍升天。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>龍,心星名。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《易通卦驗》曰:立夏雨,螻蛄鳴。</p>
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<p>《三禮義宗》曰:四月立夏爲節者,夏,大也,至此之時,物已長大,故以爲名。小滿爲中者,物之生長小得幷滿,故以小滿爲名也。</p>
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<p>《孝經緯》曰:穀雨後十五日,鬥指辰東南維爲立夏,後十五日,鬥指巳爲小滿。</p>
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<p>《續漢書·禮儀志》曰:立夏之日,夜漏未盡五刻,京師百官皆衣赤,至季夏衣黃。</p>
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<p>《抱樸子》曰:或問不熱之道。答曰:「立夏之日,或服玄冰丸,或服飛霜散及六壬六癸之符,則不熱。幼伯子、王仲都,此二人衣之以重裘,曝之于夏日之中,周以十爐之火,口不稱熱,身不流汗,蓋用此方者也。」</p>
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<p>《淮南子》曰:春分加四十六日而立夏,大風濟,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>濟,止也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>音比夾鍾,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>夾鐘,二月律也。萬物去陰夾陽而生也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>加十五日指巳則小滿,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>滿,冒也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>音比太蔟。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>太蔟,正月律也。蔟之言陰衰陽發,萬物蔟地而生。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《周書時訓》曰:立夏之日,螻蟈不鳴,水潦淫漫;蚯蚓不出,臣奪後命;王瓜不生,害於百姓。小滿之日,苦菜不秀,仁人潜伏,靡草未死,國從盜賊。若小暑不至,是謂陰匿。</p>
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<p>劉玄之《行軍月令》曰:立夏日得金,五穀不成,夏旱多風;得木,夏寒草生;得火,多妖言,兵戈起;得土,遠臣不朝,國無政令;得水,上下相和順,天下安寧。</p>
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<p>《登真隱訣》曰:立夏之日,日中五帝會諸仙人于紫微宮,見四真人論求道之功罪。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>五帝之位,諸宮皆有之。此五方之帝非三十六天帝限也。亦主學道者,故諸太極紫微官,奉見四真人,論扶其功罪之多少。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="3"><h2 id="xia_zhi"><span id="id-.E5.A4.8F.E8.87.B3" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>夏至</h2>
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<p>《周易·復卦》曰:雷在地中,復。先王以至日閉關,商旅不行,後不省方。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>冬至陰之復也。夏至陽之復也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《左傳》曰:昭二十一年秋七月壬午朔,日有食之。公問于梓慎曰:「是何物也?<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>物,事也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>禍福何爲?」對曰:「二至二分,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>二至,冬至、夏至。二分,春分、秋分。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>日有食之不爲灾。日月之行也,分同道也,至相過也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>二分,日夜等,故言同道。二至,長短極,故相過。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其他月則爲灾,陽不克也,故常爲水。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>陰侵陽,是陽不勝陰。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《傳》曰:少昊氏鳥名官,伯趙氏,司至者也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>伯趙,伯勞也。以夏至鳴,冬至止。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《周禮地官》曰:夏至日影尺有五寸。鄭氏云:土圭之長也,尺有五寸。夏至日立八尺表,其影適與土圭等,謂之地中。今潁川陽城地爲然。</p>
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<p>又《春官大司樂》曰:孤竹之管,云和之琴瑟,冬至日于地上圓丘奏之。孫竹之管,空桑之琴瑟,夏至日于澤中方丘奏之。陰竹之管,龍門之琴瑟,于宗廟奏之。</p>
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<p>又曰:宗伯以夏至致地祗物魅,以禬國之凶荒,民之禮喪。</p>
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<p>又曰:柞氏,夏至令刊陽木而火之,冬至令剝陰木而水之。</p>
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<p>又曰:剃氏掌殺草,日夏至而夷之。</p>
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<p>《易通卦驗》曰:夏至景風生,蟬始鳴,螳螂生,鹿角解,木槿榮。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏至小暑,蝦蟆無聲。</p>
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<p>又曰:鹿者,獸之陰也,貴臣之象,鹿應陰解角也。夏至太陽始屈,陰氣始升,陰陽相向,君之象也。今失節不角,臣不承君之象,故爲貴臣作奸也。</p>
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<p>又曰:離,南方也,夏至日中,赤氣出直離,此正氣也。氣出右,萬物半死,氣出左,赤地千里。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏至之日,清明風至。</p>
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<p>《易稽覽圖》曰:夏至後三十日,極溫。</p>
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<p>《易稽覽圖》曰:夏至景風至,蟬始鳴,螳螂生。</p>
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<p>京房《易占》曰:夏至離王,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>去聲。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>景風用事,人君當爵有德,封有功。</p>
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<p>《春秋感精符》曰:冬至日,成天文;夏日至,成地理。</p>
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<p>《春秋考异郵》曰:夏至井水躍。</p>
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<p>《五經通義》曰:夏至,陰始動而未達,故寢兵鼓,不設政事,所以助微氣之養也。</p>
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<p>《三禮義宗》曰:五月芒種爲節者,言時可以種有芒之穀,故以芒種爲名。夏至爲中者,至有三義,一以明陽氣之至極,二以助陰氣之始至,三以見日行之北至,故謂之至。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏至之時,祭昆侖之神于澤之中,配以后土。</p>
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<p>《孝經說》曰:夏至之日在內衡。</p>
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<p>又曰:鬥指午爲夏至。</p>
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<p>《續漢書·禮儀志》曰:夏至日浚井改水,冬至鑽燧改火,可去溫病也。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏至陰氣萌作,恐物不成,以朱索連以桃,印文以施門戶,代世所以尚爲飾也。故漢以五月五日,朱索五色印爲門戶飾,以止惡氣。</p>
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<p>《宋書》<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:427年_(提及)" title="Category:427年 (提及)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="427年">元嘉四年</span></a>,斷夏至日五絲縷之屬。</p>
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<p>《南史》曰:沈林子父穆夫,爲沈預所陷死,林子與兄田子還東報仇。五月夏至節日至預家,正大集會,子弟盈堂,林子兄弟挺身直入,斬預首,男女無論老幼,悉屠之,以預首祭祖父墓。</p>
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<p>周處《風土記》曰:夏至之日雨,名曰黃梅雨。</p>
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<p>《荊楚歲時記》曰:夏至日取菊爲灰,以止小麥蟲蠹。按:干寶《變化論》乃云:「稻成蛩,麥爲蛺蝶。」其驗乎?</p>
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<p>《輿地志》曰:郭宏常夏至于射的釣魚供母,將餌聞笳角聲,魚躍而出。</p>
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<p>《管子》曰:夏而麥熟,天子祈天宗,其盛以麥。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>盛,粢盛也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>麥者,穀之始。</p>
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<p>《抱樸子》曰:魏武收左元放,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>左慈,字元放。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>桎梏之而自解,蓋或用夏至日霹靂𣝫也。</p>
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<p>又曰:見潮來去或有早晚,輒言有參差,非也。水從天邊來,一月之中,天再東再西,故潮再大再小也。夏至天高,故夏潮大也。冬時天卑,故潮水小也。</p>
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<p>《範子》曰:《周髀》云:冬至三光微,夏至三光盛。</p>
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<p>《淮南子》曰:夏至則鬥南中繩,陽氣極,陰氣萌,故曰,夏至爲刑。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>刑,始殺也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:夏至則火從之,故五月火正而水漏。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>火正,火王也。故漏水,二說,火星正中也,漏,濕也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>陽氣爲火,陰氣爲水,水勝,故夏至濕。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏至而流黃澤,石精出,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>流黃,土之精也。陰氣作于下,故流澤而出也。石精,五色之精也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>蟬始鳴,半夏生,蚊虻不食駒犢,鷙鳥不搏黃口。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>五月微陰在下,未成駒犢黃口,肌血脆弱未成,故鷙鳥應陰,不食不搏也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:毛羽者,飛行之類也,故屬于陽。故曰,夏至日,鹿角解。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏至加十五日指丁,則小暑,音比大呂;加十五日指未,則大暑,音比太簇;加十五日指庚,背陽之維,則夏節盡。</p>
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<p>《風俗通》曰:夏至著五彩,辟兵,題曰游光厲鬼,知其名者無溫疾,五彩辟五兵也。按人取新斷織系戶,亦此類也。謹按織取始斷二三寸帛,綴著衣衿,以已織紝告成于諸姑也,後世彌久,易以五彩。又永建中,京師大疫,云厲鬼字野重游光,亦但流言,無指見之者。其後歲歲有病,人情愁怖,後增題之,冀以脫禍。今家人織新縑,皆取著後縑絹二寸許,系戶上,此其驗也。</p>
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<p>《抱樸子》曰:予祖彬爲汲令,以夏至日請主簿杜宣,賜酒北窗,壁上有懸赤弩,照于杯中,形如蛇,宣惡之,及飲得疾。後彬知之,使宣于舊處設酒,杯中猶有蛇。因謂宣曰:「此弩影耳」。宣遂意解。</p>
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<p>《古今曆術》曰:夏至之日,晝六十五刻,夜三十刻。</p>
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<p>酈道元注《水經》曰:丹水出丹魚,先夏至前十夜伺之,魚浮水側,赤光上照如火。</p>
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<p>《神异經》曰:北方荒中有石湖,方千里無凸<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>徒結切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>凹,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>校交切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>平滿無高下,岸深五丈餘,冰維夏至左右五六十日解耳。</p>
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<p>《曆疏》曰:芒種,謂穀芽始出,故曰芒種,夏至之日,其日行天至于艮維東北角,言曰極于北,故曰夏至。</p>
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<p>竺法真《羅山疏》曰:荔枝以冬青,夏至日子始赤,六七日可食。</p>
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<p>《雜說》曰:百舌鳥一名反舌,春始囀,夏至則止。唯食蚯蚓。正月以後凍開則來,蚯蚓出故也;十月以後則藏,蚯蚓蟄故也。物之相感,不知所由。</p>
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<p>《酉陽雜俎》曰:猫目睛旦暮圓,及午竪斂如綖,其鼻端常冷,唯夏至一日暖。</p>
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<p>蔡邕《獨斷》曰:夏至陰氣始起,鹿角解,故寢兵鼓,身欲寧,志欲靜,不聽事送迎五日。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏至陰氣起,君道衰,故不賀。</p>
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<p>又曰:夏至之日,離卦用事。日中時,南方有赤雲如馬者,離氣至也,宜黍。離氣不至,日月無光,五穀不成,人病目疼,冬中無冰,應在十一月內。夏至之日,風從離來爲順,其年大熟。夏至前六日,夏至後十日,十六日爲窮日。</p>
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<p>《月令占候圖》曰:夏至:朔日夏至,幷二日、三日至六日夏至,五穀熟。二十二日、二十四日夏至,五穀不熟。二十五日、三十日夏至,時價平和。晦日夏至,五穀貴。</p>
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<p>《天文錄》曰:大寒在冬至後,二氣積寒而未溫也。大暑在夏至後,二氣積暑而未歇也。寒暑和乃在春秋分後,二氣寒暑即未即平也。譬如火始入室,未甚溫,弗事加薪,久而愈熾,既遷之,猶有餘熱也。冬至之日,日出辰入申,晝行地上百四十六度强,夜行地下二百一十九度少弱,故晝短夜長也。夏至之日,日出寅入戌,晝行地上二百一十九度少弱,夜行地下一百四十六度强,故晝長夜短。春秋之日,日出卯入酉,晝行地上夜行地下,皆一百八十二度半强,晝夜長短同也。</p>
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