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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh" dir="ltr"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="main.css"/><title>卷二十四</title><style typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" about="#mwt1"><![CDATA[@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.header{display:table!important}}]]></style></head><body class="mw-content-ltr sitedir-ltr ltr mw-body-content parsoid-body mediawiki mw-parser-output" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.23.0.0-alpha10" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0" xml:lang="zh"><section data-mw-section-id="0"><span about="#mwt1">
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<tbody><tr><td style="width:25%; text-align: left;"><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c25_tai_ping_yu_lan_0023.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0023">時序部八</a> <span style="color:#999"></span></td>
<td style="width:50%; text-align: center;"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c0_tai_ping_yu_lan.xhtml" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a></b><br/>卷二十四.時序部九 秋上</td>
<td style="width:25%; text-align: right;"><span style="color:#999"></span> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c27_tai_ping_yu_lan_0025.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0025">時序部十</a><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/></td></tr>
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<p>《釋名》曰:秋者緧也,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt3" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>音秋<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>。緧迫萬物,使得時成也。</p>
<p>又曰:七月謂之夷則何?夷者,傷也,則者,法也,言萬物始傷,被刑法也。</p>
<p>又曰:八月謂之南呂何?南者,任也,言陽氣尚有任,生薺麥也。</p>
<p>《說文》曰:天地反物爲秋,字從禾,燋省聲。</p>
<p>《易》曰:兌,正秋也,萬物之所說也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt4" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>王弼曰:欲萬物成,所以悅也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《書》曰:分命和仲,宅西曰昧穀,寅餞納日,平秩西成,宵中星虛,以殷仲秋,厥民夷,鳥獸毛毨。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>毨,理,毛更生整理也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《詩》曰:秋日凄凄,百卉具腓。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>腓,病也。凉風用事而衆草皆病興也。貪殘之政行,而萬民困病。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:七月流火。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>流,下也。火星中而寒暑退。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:彼采蕭兮,一日不見,如三秋兮。</p>
<p>《禮》曰:七月之節,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>立秋爲七月之節。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>日在張,昏尾中,曉婁中,鬥建甲位之初,其日庚辛。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>庚辛屬金,主秋,故云其日庚辛。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>其帝少皞,其神蓐收,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>昔少皞氏以金德繼天下而王,故爲秋帝。金正曰蓐收,故蓐收爲金神,佐少皞于秋。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>其蟲毛,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>西方白虎毛蟲之長凡有毛之類皆屬<EFBFBD>故曰其蟲毛。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>其音商,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>三分微一益以生商,商數七十二,屬金,以其濁,次宮,臣之象也。秋氣和則商聲調。《樂記》曰:商亂則陂,其官壞。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>律中夷則,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>七月氣至,則夷則之律應。夷則者,大呂之所生也。三分去一,管長五寸六分。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>其數九,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>金生數四成數九,自言九者率其成數。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>其性義,其事言,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>《洪範五行傳》曰:西方金,其性義,其事言。言曰從,從作者,王者言從義和則神龜至。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>其味辛,其臭腥,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>凡臭味辛腥者皆屬<EFBFBD>金。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>其祀門,祭先肝。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>秋陰氣出,祀之于門外陰也。祭先肝者,秋爲陰中,于藏值肝,凡祀門爲祖,先進肝。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>立秋之日,凉風至,後五日白露降,後五日寒蟬鳴。天子居總章左個,乘戎輅,駕白駱,載白旗,衣白衣,服白玉,食稻與魚,其器廉以深。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>總章左個當申上之室,乘白輅,衣白衣,從秋色也。食稻與魚,秋味之宜也。其器廉以深,象金傷害,物入藏。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>太史以先立秋三日,謁于天子曰:「某日立秋,盛德在金。」天子乃齋。立秋之日,天子親率諸侯大夫以迎秋于西郊,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>迎秋爲祖白帝白招拒于西郊,以少皞配坐,以蓐收、太白、三辰、七宿從祀。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>還乃賞軍帥武人于朝,乃命將帥選士厲兵,簡練杰俊,專任有功,以正不義,詰誅暴慢,以明好惡,順彼遠方。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>詰謂問其罪,順猶服也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:七月中氣,日在張,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>處暑爲七月中氣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>昏箕中,曉昴中,鬥建申位之中。處暑之日,鷹乃祭鳥,後五日,天地始肅,後五日,禾乃登,修宮室,坯垣墻。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>爲經夏雨損,立秋後修補。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:八月之節,日在翼,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>白露爲八月之節。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>昏南斗中,曉畢中,鬥建酉位之初,律中南呂。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>八月氣至,則南呂之律應。南呂者,大蔟之所生,三分去一,管長五寸三分,其日、其音、其數幷同孟秋。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>白露之日,鴻雁來,後五日,玄鳥歸,後五日,群鳥養羞。是月也,養衰老,授几杖,行糜粥飲食。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>行猶賜也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>天子乃儺,以達秋氣,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>此儺,儺陽氣,恐陽暑至此不衰,害亦將及人,故儺通秋氣。方欲助秋,故不磔犬。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>命樂正習吹。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>春夏尚舞,秋冬尚吹,習之爲將釋奠。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:八月中氣,日在軫,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>秋分爲八月中氣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>昏南斗中,曉東井中,鬥建酉位之中。秋分之日,雷乃收聲,後五日,蟄蟲坯戶,後五日,水始涸。是月也,祀夕月於西郊,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>秋分日祭之。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>命有司享壽星于南郊。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>秋分日,祀壽星于南郊,壽星,南極老人星。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>日夜分,則同度量,平權衡,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>因秋分晝夜平,則正之。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>祭馬社。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>謂仲秋祭馬社于大澤,用剛日。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:九月之節,日在角,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>寒露爲九月節。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>昏牽牛中,曉東井中,鬥建戌位之初,律中無射。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>九月氣至,則無射之律應,無射者,夾鐘之所生,三分去一,管長四寸九分。其日、其音、其數,幷同孟秋。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>寒露之日,鴻雁來賓,後五日,雀入大水化爲蛤,後五日,菊有黃花。是月也,命有司伐蛟、取鼉,登龜,取黿。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>四者甲類,秋乃堅成,故是月登取。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:九月中氣,日在氐,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>霜降爲九月中氣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>昏須女中,曉柳中,鬥建戌位之中。霜降之日,豺乃祭獸,後五日,草木黃落。後五日,蟄蟲鹹俯。是月也,霜降始,則百工休。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>謂膠漆之作停。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>天子嘗稻,先薦寢廟,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>稻初熟。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>藏帝籍于神倉,祗敬必飭。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>重祭祀之穀。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>是月也,乃伐薪爲炭。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>伐必因殺氣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:秋斂冬藏,義也。</p>
<p>又曰:西方者秋,秋之爲言愁也。</p>
<p>《周禮》曰:大司馬之職,仲秋教理兵,掌建邦國之九法,以佐王平邦國。</p>
<p>又曰:司裘,掌爲大裘,以供王祀天之服。仲秋獻良裘,季秋獻功裘。</p>
<p>又曰:籥章氏,掌仲秋擊土鼓,吹豳詩以迎寒氣。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>鄭玄注曰:迎寒以夜,來諸侯也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:司矢,仲秋獻矢箙。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>弓弩成于秋,矢箙成于堅。箙,盛矢器也。以獸皮爲之。箙音服。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:南呂,酉之氣,八月建焉,而辰在壽星。</p>
<p>又曰:秋見曰覲。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>覲之言勤也,其勤王之事。《大行人》云:秋覲以比天下功也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:秋獻龜魚。</p>
<p>又曰:司爟,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>音貫。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>掌行火之政令,季夏內火。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>九月黃昏,心星伏在戌,上使民內。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《傳》曰:歲云秋矣,我落其實,而取其材。</p>
<p>《爾雅》曰:秋爲白藏。</p>
<p>又曰:秋曰收成。</p>
<p>又曰:秋爲旻天。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>李巡曰:秋萬物成熟皆有文章。郭璞云:旻,湣也。萬物皆可湣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:秋獵日獮。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>獮,殺也。順秋氣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:太白西方秋金,義也,言也,義虧言失,逆秋令,傷金氣,罰見太白。</p>
<p>又曰:秋<span about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion">|</span><small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>如淳曰:<span class="inline-unihan" style="border-block-end: 1px dotted; font-variant: normal;cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'Plangothic P1', 'Plangothic P2';" title="字符描述:〔⿰韋焦〕 &#10;※如果您看到空白、方塊或問號,代表您的系統無法顯示此字元。"><span typeof="mw:LanguageVariant" data-mw-variant="{&quot;disabled&quot;:{&quot;t&quot;:&quot;𩏢&quot;}}"/></span>,音焦也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>物鎡斂乃成熟也。</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》云:八月賜大臣羊酒,以助衰氣。</p>
<p>《後漢書》曰:范式,字巨卿,與汝南張元伯爲友。二人春別京師,以暮秋爲期。元伯以九月十五日,殺鶏以待巨卿。母曰:「相去千里,汝何信之也。」言未卒,而巨卿至,相隨上堂,再拜母,極歡悅。</p>
<p>《續漢書》曰:仲秋祀老人星于國南郊。</p>
<p>孟康《漢書義律》曰:春日朝,秋日請,如古諸侯朝聘也。師古曰:請,音才性反。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>吳王濞不朝,使人爲秋請是也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《晋書》曰:袁宏孤貧,運租自業。謝尚時鎮牛諸,秋夜乘月泛江,會宏在舫中諷咏,遣問即其咏史之作,尚迎升舟,與談申旦不寐,自此名譽日茂。</p>
<p>《梁書》曰:朱异除中書郎,時秋日始拜,有飛蟬正集异武冠上,時咸謂蟬珥之兆。</p>
<p>焦贛《易林》曰:秋風生哀,花落悲心。</p>
<p>《易通統圖》曰:日行西方白道曰西陸。</p>
<p>《尚書大傳》曰:萬物非秋不收。</p>
<p>又《尚書》曰:寅餞入日,辯秩西成。《大傳》曰:天子以秋命三公,將率選士厲兵,以征不義,决獄訟,斷刑罰,趣收斂,以順天道,以佐秋殺。</p>
<p>曰:西方者,何也?鮮方也。鮮,訊也,訊者,始入之貌。始入者何以謂之秋?秋者,愁也,愁者,物方愁而入也。故曰,西方者,秋也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>秋,收斂貌。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《尚書中候》曰:周文王爲西伯,季秋之月甲子,赤雀銜丹書入豐鄗,止于昌戶,乃拜稽首受取,曰:「姬昌蒼帝子,亡殷者,紂也。」</p>
<p>《尚書考靈曜》曰:政失于秋,太白出入不常。</p>
<p>《尚書考靈曜》曰:虛星爲秋候,昴星爲冬期,陰氣相佐,德乃弗邪,子助母,母合子符。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>虛星,北方宿也。昴星,西方宿也。陰,稱母也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《毛詩傳》曰:壯士悲秋,感陰氣也。</p>
<p>《詩含神霧》曰:秦地處仲秋之位,男懦弱,女高膫,白色身,音中商,其言舌舉而仰,聲清而揚。</p>
<p>《三禮義宗》曰:九月大享帝於明堂之中。</p>
<p>《孝經》云:宗祀文王於明堂,是也。</p>
<p>《三禮義宗》曰:秋曰庚辛者,庚,更也,辛,新也,言物皆改更而新也。</p>
<p>又曰:周祫以秋者,萬物新成,可以奉薦宗廟,故合先祖之神而祭之,故祫宜在秋也。</p>
<p>又曰:九月寒露爲節者,九月之時,露氣轉寒,故謂之寒露節。霜降爲中,露變爲霜,故以霜降爲中。</p>
<p>《春秋繁露》曰:秋之爲言猶湫,湫者,憂悲之狀。</p>
<p>又曰:秋,怒氣,故殺。</p>
<p>《春秋元命包》曰:堯爲天子,季秋下旬,夢白帝遺以鳥喙子,其母索扶始升高丘,白帝上有雲如虎,感已生皋陶,索扶始問之,如堯言。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt53" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>又《淮南子》云:皋陶鳥喙。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《春秋感精符》曰:霜,殺伐之表,季秋霜始降,鷹隼擊,王者順天行誅,以成肅殺之威。</p>
<p>《穆天子傳》曰:仲秋甲戌,天子東游,次雀梁,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt54" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>一宿爲舍,再宿爲信,過信爲次。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>蠹書于羽陵。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt55" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>謂暴書蠹蟲,因曰蠹書也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《聖賢記》曰:馮夷,弘農潼鄉堤首裏人,服八石得道,爲水仙河伯。又一說,華陰人八月上庚日渡河溺死,天帝署爲河伯。</p>
<p>《荊楚歲時記》曰:八月十日,四民幷以朱點小兒頭,名爲天灸,以厭疾也。</p>
<p>又曰:以綿采爲眼明囊,赤松子以八月囊承柏樹露爲宜服,後世以金薄爲之,遞相餉遺。</p>
<p>《西京雜記》曰:賈佩蘭云:「在宮時,八月四日出雕房北方竹林下圍棋,勝者終年有福,負者終年疾病。」</p>
<p>又曰:漢宗廟八月飲酎,用九十牢。</p>
<p>王子年《拾遺記》曰:漢武帝以季秋之月,泛靈鶂之舟于臨池之上,窮夜達晝,以晝達夜。于桂台之下,以香金爲鈎,縮紉絲爲輪,以丹鯉爲餌,不逾旬,釣一白蛟,長三四丈,若大蛇,無鱗甲。帝曰:「非龍也。」于是付太官爲鮓,而肉紫骨清,香美無倫,詔賜臣下。時以上爲神感所獲,後更不得。</p>
<p>《續齊諧記》曰:弘農鄧紹,八月朝入華山,見一童子,以五色囊承取柏葉下露,露皆如珠子,亦云赤松先生,取以明目。今八月朝作眼明囊,象此也。</p>
<p>鄧明德《南康記》曰:平固縣有湖,中有石雁,浮在湖中,每至秋,石雁飛鳴如候時也。</p>
<p>《莊子》曰:舜以天下讓善卷,曰:「餘立于宇宙之中,冬日衣皮毛,夏日衣葛絺,春耕種足以勞,秋收之足以休,日出而作,日入而息,逍遙于天地之間,何以天下爲哉!」入深山,莫知其處。</p>
<p>又曰:荊之南有冥靈者,以五百歲爲春,五百歲爲秋。上古有大椿者,以八千歲爲春,八千歲爲秋。</p>
<p>《管子》曰:東方曰歲星,其時曰春,其氣曰風,風生木。南方曰日,其時曰夏,其氣曰陽,陽生火。西方曰辰,其時曰秋,其氣曰陰,陰生金。北方曰月,其時曰冬,其氣曰寒,寒生水。</p>
<p>《管子》曰:秋三月,以庚辛之日發五政;一政曰禁博賽,二政曰無見五兵之刃,三政曰慎旅農,趨聚收,四政曰補缺塞坼,五政曰修垣墻,謹門閭。五政徇時,五穀皆入也。</p>
<p>又曰:歲有四秋:春農事既成,農夫賦耜鐵,此春之秋;夏至蠶纊之所作,此夏之秋;秋成五穀之所會,此謂大秋;冬營室中,女事紡績之所作,此謂冬之秋。</p>
<p>《文子》曰:日月欲明,浮雲蓋之,藂蘭欲茂,秋風敗之。</p>
<p>又曰:政失于秋,太白出入無常。</p>
<p>《文子》曰:因春而生,因秋而殺,所生不德,所殺不怨,即幾于道矣。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt56" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>春秋無心,生殺有時,人主無爲,當罰必當,遠違其理,近合其道。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:唯神化爲貴,精至爲神。精之所動,若春風之生,秋氣之殺。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt57" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>其生也,暄然如春物得其生;死也,肅然如秋物終于死。故生不祈報,死無歸怨,生之死之,以其無心也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《幽求子》曰:秋風晨厲,則慘然多凄。</p>
<p>《抱樸子》曰:南海之中,蕭丘之上,有自生火。火常以秋起而秋滅。</p>
<p>《鄒子》曰:秋取柞楢之火。</p>
<p>《淮南子》曰:春氣發而百草生,正得秋而萬物成實。</p>
<p>又曰:春女悲,秋士哀,感物化矣。</p>
<p>又曰:至秋三月,青女乃出,降霜雪。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt58" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>青女,乃天神青霄玉女,主霜雪。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:一葉落而知天下秋。</p>
<p>又曰:太陰治秋,則欲修備繕兵。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt59" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>金德斷割,故修兵也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:孟秋之月,西宮禦女白色,衣白采,撞白鐘。其兵鉞,其畜狗。八月官尉,其樹柘。九月官候,其樹槐。</p>
<p>又曰:秋爲矩者,所以方物也。</p>
<p>又曰:九月失政,三月春風不濟。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt60" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>濟,止也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰《時則》曰:六合:孟春與孟秋爲合,仲春與仲秋爲合,季春與季秋爲合,孟夏與孟冬爲合,仲夏與仲冬爲合,季夏與季冬爲合。孟春始盈,孟秋始縮;仲春始出,仲秋始內;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt61" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>出,二月播植也。內,八月收斂也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>季春大出,季秋大內;孟夏始緩,孟冬始急;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt62" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>緩,四月陽炎。急,十月寒肅。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>仲夏至修,仲冬至短;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt63" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>夏至北極,冬至南極。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>季夏德畢,季冬刑畢。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt64" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>德畢,陽施窮也。刑畢,陰殺盡也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:西方金也,其帝少昊,其佐蓐收,執矩而治秋,其神爲太白。</p>
<p>又曰:西方之極,自昆侖絕流沙沉羽,西至三危之國,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt65" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>流沙蓋在昆侖之西南也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>石城金室,飲氣之民,不死之野,少昊蓐收之所司者,萬二千里。其令曰:審用法,誅必辜,備寇賊,禁奸邪,飭群牧,謹積聚,修城郭,補决竇,塞蹊徑,遏溝瀆,壅溪穀,守門閭,陳兵甲,選百官,誅不法。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt66" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>應金斷也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《鶡冠子》曰:斗柄西指,天下皆秋。</p>
<p>《尸子》曰:秋爲禮,西方爲秋。秋,肅也,萬物莫不肅敬,禮之至也。</p>
<p>《商子》曰:螟螣春生秋死,出而民失食。今一民耕而百人食焉,螟螣大矣。</p>
<p>《呂氏春秋》曰:秋早寒,冬必暖。春多雨,夏必旱。</p>
<p>《太玄經》曰:酉,西方也,秋也,物皆成象而就也。有形則復于無形,故曰冥也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt67" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>謂物終歲。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
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