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<td style="width:50%; text-align: center;"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c0_tai_ping_yu_lan.xhtml" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a></b><br/>卷三百八·兵部三十九</td>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="1"><h2 id="zhan_shang"><span id="id-.E6.88.B0.E4.B8.8A" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>戰上</h2>
<p>《尚書大傳》曰:戰者,憚也,驚之也。</p>
<p>《說文》曰:戰,鬥也。</p>
<p>《開元文字》曰:仲秋大閱,戎衆庶,修戰法,「陰疑于陽必戰」是也。凡師皆陣曰戰。謂堅而有備,各得其所,成敗决于志力也。</p>
<p>《易》曰:上六:龍戰于野,其血玄黃。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>陰之爲道,卑順不盈,乃全其美盛而不已。固陽之地,陽所不堪,故戰于野也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:陰疑于陽必戰,爲其嫌于無陽也,故稱龍焉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>爲其嫌于非陽而戰也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《書》曰:湯與桀戰于鳴條之野。</p>
<p>又曰:武王戎車三百兩、虎賁三千人,與受戰于牧野。</p>
<p>《左傳》曰:魯宣公十二年,晋荀林父與楚子戰于邲,晋師敗績。</p>
<p>又曰:吳伐楚,王使執燧象以奔吳師。</p>
<p>又曰:齊伯郭啓伐莒。莒子將戰,宛羊牧諫之曰:「齊師賤,其求不多,不如下之。」</p>
<p>又曰:諸侯之戍謀曰:「若華氏知困而致死,楚耻無功而疾。戰,非吾利也。」</p>
<p>又曰:孟懿子陽虎伐鄆,鄆人將戰。</p>
<p>又曰:宋多責賂于鄭,鄭人不堪。故以絕魯及齊,與宋、衛、燕戰。不書所戰,後也。</p>
<p>又曰:冬,宋人以諸侯伐鄭,報宋之戰也。</p>
<p>又曰:齊人侵魯疆。疆吏來告,公曰:「疆埸之事,愼守其一而備其不虞。姑盡所備焉。事至而戰,又何謁焉。」</p>
<p>又曰:狄人伐衛。衛懿公好鶴,鶴有乘軒者。將戰,國人受甲者皆曰:「使鶴,鶴實有祿位,余焉能戰!」</p>
<p>又曰:裏克諫曰:「故君之嗣適,不可以帥師。君失其官,帥師不威,將焉用之。且臣聞皋落氏將戰,君其舍之。」</p>
<p>又曰:楚人伐宋以救鄭。宋公將戰,大司馬固諫曰:「天之弃商久矣,君將興之,弗可赦救也。」</p>
<p>又曰:子魚曰:「君未知戰。勍敵之人厄而未成列,天贊我也。」</p>
<p>又曰:公曰:「君子不重傷,不禽二毛。」子魚曰:「且今之勍者,皆吾敵也。雖及胡耇,獲則取之,何有于二毛?明耻教戰,求殺敵也,傷未及死,如何勿重。」</p>
<p>又曰:晋公子重耳之及于難也,晋人伐諸蒲城。蒲城人欲戰,重耳不可。</p>
<p>又曰:齊晋將戰,高固入晋師,桀石以投人,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>桀,擔也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>擒之而乘其車,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>旣獲其人。固釋己車而載所獲。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>系桑本焉,以徇齊壘,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>將至齊壘,以桑樹系車而桑走,欲自异也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>曰:「欲勇者賈餘餘勇。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>賈,賣也。言己勇有餘,欲賣之也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:晋楚將戰,而楚晨壓晋軍而陣。軍吏患之。範丐趨進,曰:「塞井夷灶,陣于軍中,而疏行首。晋、楚惟天所授,何患焉?」文子執戈逐之,曰:「國之存亡,童子何知焉?」</p>
<p>又曰:齊侯還自晋,不入。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>不入國。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>遂襲莒,門于且于,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>且于,莒邑。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>傷股而退。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>齊侯傷。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>明日,將復戰,期于壽舒。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>壽舒,莒邑。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>杞殖、華還載甲,夜入且于之隧,宿于莒郊。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>二子齊大夫也。且于隧,狹路。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>明日,先遇莒子於蒲侯氏。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>蒲侯氏,近莒之邑。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>莒子重賂之,使無死,曰:「請有盟。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>欲以盟二子無致死戰。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>華周對曰:「貪貨弃命,亦君所惡也<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>華周即華還也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>。昏而受命,日未中而弃之,何以事君?」莒子親鼓之,從而伐之,獲杞梁。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>杞梁即杞殖。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:齊師伐我。公將戰,曹劌請見。其鄉人曰:「肉食者謀之,又何間焉。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>肉食,在位者也。間,猶與也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>劌曰:「肉食者鄙,未能遠謀。」乃入見。問:「何以戰?」公曰:「衣食所安,弗敢專也,必以分人。」對曰:「小惠未遍,民不從也。」公曰:「犧牲玉帛,不敢加也,必以信。」對曰:「小信未孚,神不福也。」公曰:「小大之獄,雖不能察,必以情。」對曰:「忠之屬也,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>上思利民,忠也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>可以一戰。戰則請從。」公與之乘。戰于長勺。公將鼓之。劌曰:「未可。」齊人三鼓,曰:「可矣!」遂逐齊師。旣克,公問其故。對曰:「夫戰,勇氣也。一鼓作氣,再而衰,三而竭。我盈彼竭,故克之。夫大國難測也,懼有伏焉。吾視其轍亂,望其旗靡,故逐之。」</p>
<p>又曰:丙戌,復戰。大敗吳師,獲太子友,王孫彌庸。</p>
<p>又曰:卻獻子曰:「二憾往矣,弗備必敗。」彘子曰:「鄭人勸戰,弗敢從也。楚人求成,弗能好也。」</p>
<p>又曰:夫禮樂慈愛,戰所蓄也。</p>
<p>又曰:楚子與若敖氏戰于皋滸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>皋滸,楚地。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>伯棼射王,汰輈,及鼓跗,著于丁寧。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>伯棼子越椒也,輈車轅汰過也,箭過車轅上也。丁寧,鉦也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>又射汰輈,以貫笠轂。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>兵車尊者則邊人執笠依轂下以禦寒暑。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>師懼,退。王使巡師曰:「吾先君文王克息,獲三矢焉。伯棼竊其二,盡于是矣。」鼓而進之,遂滅若敖氏。</p>
<p>又曰:晋楚交戰,叔山冉搏人以投,中車,折軾。晋師乃止。</p>
<p>又曰:晋侯使張胳、輔躒致楚師,求禦于鄭。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>欲得鄭人自禦,知其地利者也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>鄭人卜宛射犬吉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>射犬,鄭公孫也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>將及楚師,而後從之乘,皆踞轉而鼓琴。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>轉衣裝也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>近,不告而馳之。皆取胄于橐而胄,入壘,皆下,搏人以投,收禽挾囚。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>禽,獲也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>弗待而出。</p>
<p>又曰:子蒲曰:「吾未知吳道,使楚人先與吳人戰。」</p>
<p>又曰:吳師居麋,子期將焚之,子西曰:「父兄親暴骨焉,不能收,而又焚之,不可。」子期曰:「國亡矣!豈憚焚之?」焚之,而又戰。</p>
<p>又曰:吳伐楚師,及清發,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>清發,水名。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>將擊之。夫概王曰:「困獸猶鬥,况人乎?若知不免而致死,必敗我。若使先濟者知免,後者慕之,蔑有鬥心矣。半濟而後可擊也。」從之。又敗之。楚人爲食,吳人及之,奔,食而又從之。敗諸雍ㄛ,五戰及郢。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>奔食,食者走,不陣。故不在戰數數也。ㄛ,時制切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:晋侯逆秦師,使大夫韓簡視師。復曰:「師少于我,鬥士倍我。」公曰:「何故?」對曰:「出因其資,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>謂奔梁求秦也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>入用其寵,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>爲秦所納也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>饑食其粟,三施而無報,是以來也。今又擊之,我怠秦奮,倍猶未也。」戰于韓原。晋戎馬還濘而止。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>濘,泥也。還,便旋也。小駟不調,故還泥中。濘,乃定切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>秦伯獲晋侯以歸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>晋曲而怠,秦直而怒,所以勝也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:楚子伐隋,軍于漢、淮之間。隋將季梁謂隋侯曰:「請下之,弗許而後戰,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>下之請服。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>所以怒我而怠寇也。」隋少師謂隋侯曰:「必速戰。不然,將失楚師。」戰于速杞,隋師敗績。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>若用季梁之謀,必勝矣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:吳楚二師陣于柏舉。吳子闔閭之弟夫概王,晨請于闔閭曰:「楚相囊瓦不仁,其臣莫有死志,先伐,其卒必奔。而後大師繼之,必克。」以其屬五千,先擊囊瓦之卒。楚師亂,吳師大敗之。</p>
<p>又曰:晋師伐楚,苗賁皇言于晋侯曰:「楚之良,在其中軍王族而已。請分良以擊其左右,而三軍萃于卒,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>萃,集。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>必大敗之。」及戰,晋將呂錡,射楚恭王,中目。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>錡,魚綺切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>楚師宵遁。晋師入楚,三日館穀。</p>
<p>又曰:求曰:「若不可,則君無出。一子帥師,背城而戰。不屬者,非魯人也。當子之身,齊人伐魯而不能戰,子之耻也。」</p>
<p>又曰:彭城之役,晋、楚遇于靡角之穀。晋侯將遁矣。雍子發命于軍曰:「恤老幼,反孤疾,二人役,歸一人,簡兵搜乘,秣馬蓐食,師陣焚次,明日將戰。」行歸者而逸楚囚,楚師宵潰。</p>
<p>又曰:入我河曲,伐我涑川,俘我王官,剪我羈馬。我是以有河曲之戰。</p>
<p>又曰:欒武子欲報楚,韓獻子曰:「無庸。使重其罪,民將叛之。無民,孰戰?」</p>
<p>又曰:晋、楚遇于鄢陵。範文子不欲戰,郤至曰:「韓之戰,惠公不振旅。」</p>
<p>又曰:潘<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>之子黨與養由基蹲甲而射之,以示王,曰:「君有二臣如此,何憂于戰?」</p>
<p>又曰:苗賁皇徇曰:「搜乘補卒,秣馬利兵,修陣固列,蓐食申禱,明日復戰。」乃逸楚囚。</p>
<p>又曰:智武子曰:「大勞未艾,君子勞心,小人勞力。先王之制。」諸侯皆不欲戰,乃許鄭成。</p>
<p>又曰:晋陽處父侵蔡,楚子上救之,與晋師夾江而軍。陽子患之,使謂子上曰:「吾聞之,文不犯順,武不違敵。子若欲戰,則吾退舍,子濟而陣,遲速惟命。」</p>
<p>又曰:宣子曰:「秦獲穿也。獲一卿矣。秦以勝歸,我何以報?」乃皆出戰,交綏。</p>
<p>《公羊傳》曰:己巳,晋侯及楚戰城濮,楚師敗績,此大戰也。</p>
<p>又曰:詐戰曰?此何以曰?<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>詐,卒也,齊人語也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:晋人及秦伯戰于殽,秦敗。或曰:「襄公稱人何貶也?君在殯而用師詐戰。」</p>
<p>又曰:狐壤之戰,隱公獲焉。然則何以不言戰?諱獲也。</p>
<p>又曰:齊侯、衛侯、鄭伯來戰于郎,此偏戰也。何以不言?師敗績,內不言戰,乃敗績。</p>
<p>又曰:及鄭師伐宋,丁未,戰于宋。戰不言伐何?避嫌也。惡乎嫌,嫌與鄭人戰也,此偏戰也。何以不言師敗績?內不言戰,言戰乃敗績。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>與鄭人戰于宋地,故舉伐以明之也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《家語》曰:齊國書伐魯,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>書,齊卿也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>季康子使冉求帥左師衛之,樊遲爲右。季氏曰:「須也,弱。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>須,遲名。弱,幼也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>有子曰:「能用命矣。」及齊師戰于郊,未逾溝。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>前有溝,衆不肯逾也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>樊遲曰:「非不能也,不信子也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>言季孫德不素著,不爲民所信也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>請三交而逾之。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>與衆要信,三交而逾溝也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>如之,衆從之。師入齊,齊軍遁。冉有用戈,故能入焉。子聞之曰:「義也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>在軍能却敵,合乎義。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>旣戰,季孫問冉有曰:「子于戰,學之乎?性達之乎?」對曰:「學之。」季孫曰:「從事孔子,茲于學。」冉有曰:「即學于孔子也。孔子者,大聖兼該,文武幷用也。適聞其戰法,猶未之詳也。」季孫悅。樊遲以告孔子,子曰:「季孫于是乎可謂悅人之有能矣。」</p>
<p>又曰:孔子曰:「黃帝服牛乘馬,擾馴猛獸,以與炎帝戰于阪泉之野。」</p>
<p>又曰:子貢言志曰:「願得齊楚合戰于漭蕩之野,埃塵連接,挺刃交兵。」</p>
<p>《國語》曰:申包胥曰:「夫戰,智爲始,仁次之,勇次之。不智則不知人之極;不仁則不共三軍饑勞之殃;不勇則不能斷疑以發大計。」</p>
<p>《戰國策》曰:魏太子自將,過宋外黃,徐子曰:「臣有百戰之術,今太子自將攻齊,大勝,富不過有魏,而貴不益爲王。若不勝,即萬世無魏矣。此臣百勝之術也」太子曰:「請從公言而還。」太子上車請還,其禦曰:「將出而還,與敗北同,不如遂行。」乃與齊戰而死。</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記" title="史記">史記</a>》曰:黃帝教熊羆貙虎以與炎帝戰于阪泉之野,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>服虔曰:阪泉,地名。皇甫謚曰:在上穀。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>三戰,然後得行其志。蚩尤作亂,不用帝命。黃帝乃征師諸侯,與蚩尤戰于涿鹿之野,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>服虔曰:涿鹿,山名,在涿郡。張晏曰:涿鹿在上穀。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>遂擒蚩尤。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>《皇覽》曰:蚩尤冢在東平郡壽張縣關鄉城中,高七尺,民常十月初祀之。有赤氣出如匹絳帛,名爲蚩尤旗。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:項羽已殺卿子冠軍,威振楚國,名聞諸侯。乃遣當陽君、蒲將軍將卒<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>張晏曰:率黥布。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>二萬人渡河救巨鹿。戰小利,陳餘復請兵。羽悉引兵渡河,皆沉船,破釜甑,燒廬舍,持三日糧,示士必死無還心。于是至即圍秦將王離,與秦軍遇,九戰,絕其甬道,大破之,虜王離。當是時,楚兵冠諸侯,諸侯軍救钜鹿者十餘壁,皆莫敢縱兵。及楚擊秦,諸將皆從壁上觀。楚戰士無不一當十。楚兵呼聲動天地,諸侯無不人人惴恐。于是已破秦軍,羽見諸侯,入轅門,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>張宴曰:軍行以車爲陣,轅相向爲門曰轅門。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>無不膝行而前,莫敢仰視。羽于是始爲諸侯上將軍,兵皆屬焉。</p>
<p>又《淮陰侯傳》曰:信云:此所謂「驅市人而戰之」,其勢非置之死地,使人人自爲戰;今子之生地,皆走寧,尚可得而用之乎!</p>
<p>又曰:項王至東城,乃有二十八騎。漢騎追者數千人。項王自度不得脫,謂其騎曰:「吾起兵至今八年矣,身七十餘戰,所當者破,所擊皆服,未常敗北,霸有天下。今卒困于此,天之亡我,非戰之罪也。今日固决死,願爲諸君决戰。」</p>
<p>又《商君傳》曰:鞅令行之十年,秦民道不拾遺,山無盜賊。民勇于公戰,怯于私鬥。</p>
<p>又《藺相如傳》曰:廉頗曰:「我爲趙將,有攻城野戰之功,而藺相如徒以口舌爲勞而位居我上。」</p>
<p>又曰:秦人開關延敵,九國之師遁逃,追亡逐北,伏尸百萬,流血漂鹵。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt53" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>徐廣曰:鹵,盾也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:漢王入彭城,收羽美人貨賂,置酒高會。羽聞之,羽聞之令其將擊齊,而自以精兵三萬人從魯出胡陵,至蕭,晨擊漢軍,大戰彭城靈壁東<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt54" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>胡陵縣在彭城南。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>睢水上,大破漢軍,多殺士卒,睢水爲之不流。圍漢王三匝。大風從西北起,折木髮屋,揚沙石,晝晦,楚軍大亂,而漢王得與數十騎遁去。過沛,使求室家,而室家亦已亡,不相得。漢王道逢孝惠、魯元公主,載行。楚騎追急,漢王推墮二子。滕公下收載,遂得脫。</p>
<p>又《張騫傳》曰:身毒國在大夏東南,可數千里,其俗土著,與大夏同,而卑濕暑熱,其民乘象以戰。</p>
<p>又《叙傳》曰:述趙充國、辛慶忌云:兵家之策,惟在不戰。</p>
<p>又《西南夷傳》曰:姑繒葉瑜復反,遣水衡都尉呂辟胡將郡兵擊之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt55" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>辟,音壁。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>辟胡不進,蠻夷遂殺益州太守,乘勝與辟胡戰,戰士乃溺水死者四千餘人。復攻武威、張掖、酒泉,燒民廬舍。六年,隴西太守孫羌擊破之。</p>
<p>又曰:蕭何功最盛,封ガ侯,所食邑最多,功臣皆曰:「臣等被堅執銳,多者百餘戰,少者數十合,攻城略地,大小各有差。今何未嘗有汗馬之勞,顧居臣上,何也?」</p>
<p>又曰:高帝末,黥布反,渡淮擊楚。楚發兵與戰徐、潼間,楚三軍欲以相救爲奇兵。或說楚將曰:「布善用兵,人素畏之。且兵法,自戰其地爲散地。今別爲三軍,彼敗吾一軍,餘皆走,安能相救?」楚將不聽。布果破其一軍,二軍散走。遂西,與上兵遇蘄西,大戰,布軍敗走。</p>
<p>又曰:趙充國討先零羌,虜久屯聚,解弛,睹見大軍,弃輜重,欲渡湟水,道厄狹,充國徐行驅之。或曰逐利行遲,充國曰:「此窮寇不可迫也。緩之則走不顧,急之則還致死。」諸將校皆曰:「善。」虜果赴水,溺死者數百。於是破之。</p>
<p>又《司馬遷傳·報任少卿書》云:又不能拾遺補闕,招賢進能,顯岩穴之士;又不能備行伍,攻城野戰,有斬將搴旗之功。</p>
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