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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh" dir="ltr"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="main.css"/><title>卷五百二十三</title><style typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" about="#mwt3"><![CDATA[@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.header{display:table!important}}]]></style></head><body class="mw-content-ltr sitedir-ltr ltr mw-body-content parsoid-body mediawiki mw-parser-output" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.23.0.0-alpha10" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0" xml:lang="zh"><section data-mw-section-id="0"><span about="#mwt3">
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<tbody><tr><td style="width:25%; text-align: left;"><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c524_tai_ping_yu_lan_0522.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0522">禮儀部一</a> <span style="color:#999"> ◄ </span></td>
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<td style="width:50%; text-align: center;"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c0_tai_ping_yu_lan.xhtml" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a></b><br/>卷五百二十三.禮儀部二</td>
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<td style="width:25%; text-align: right;"><span style="color:#999"> ► </span> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c526_tai_ping_yu_lan_0524.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0524">禮儀部三</a><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/></td></tr>
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<td><span style="color: #464646;"><ul id="plainSister-n5955" style="display:inline-block; font-size:93%; line-height:normal; list-style-type:none; list-style-image:none; list-style-position:outside; border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#AAA); float:right; clear:right; margin:0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex; padding:0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex; background-color:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF);color: inherit;"><li class="noprint sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix"><img alt="姊妹计划" resource="./File:Wikimedia-logo.svg" src="images/c1004_Wikimedia_logo.svg_20px_Wikimedia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-type="drawing" class="mw-file-element" style="width:18px; height:18px; " data-title="Wikimedia-logo.svg-20px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png"/></a></span></span><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix">姊妹计划</a>: <a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85604913" title="d:Q85604913" class="extiw">数据项</a></li></ul></span>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="1"><h2 id="xu_li_xia"><span id="id-.E5.8F.99.E7.A6.AE.E4.B8.8B" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>叙禮下</h2>
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<p>《禮記外傳》曰:吉、凶、賓、軍、嘉,即五禮之目也。吉禮者,祭祀郊廟宗社之事是也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>起自神農氏,始教民種<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>。禮始于飲食,吹葦<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别,请协助查实修正。原字符为:,请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。"></dfn>,擊土鼓,以迎田祖,致敬鬼神,皆用樂。此伊耆氏即神農別號。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>凶禮者,喪紀之說、年<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>不登、大夫去國之事也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>黃帝始養生送死也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>賓禮者,貢獻朝聘之事是也;軍禮者,始黃帝與蚩尤戰于涿鹿之野;嘉禮者,好會之事,起自伏羲以儷皮爲幣,始制嫁娶,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>享通者,嘉會之事也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其後有冠、<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>冠者,代父之事也。婚有繼世之道,物有代謝之期,悲發于衷,乃非純吉,故爲喜慰之事也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>鄉飲酒、鄉射、食耆老、王燕族人之事是也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>四者亦嘉會也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>但前代象天,其禮質而略;後代法地,其事煩而文。唐虞之際,五禮明備,周公所制文物極矣。</p>
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<p>《左傳·文下》曰:齊侯侵我西鄙,遂伐曹,入其郛,討其來朝也。季文子曰:「齊侯其不免乎?已則無禮,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>執王使而伐其罪。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>而討于有禮者,曰女何故行禮?禮以順天,天之道也。已則反天,而又以討人,難以免矣。」</p>
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<p>又《文公》曰:先大夫臧文仲教行父事君之禮,行父奉以周旋,弗敢失墜,曰:「見有禮于其君者,事之,如孝子之養父母也。見無禮于其君者,誅之,如鷹<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别,请协助查实修正。原字符为:,请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>之逐鳥雀也。」</p>
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<p>又《宣十六年》曰:晋侯使士會平王室,定王享之。原襄公相禮。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>原襄公,周大夫。相,佐也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>殽蒸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>烝,外也。升殽于俎。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>武子私問其故。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>享當體薦而殽蒸,故怪問之。武,士會謚。季,其字。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>王聞之,召武子曰:「季氏,而弗聞乎?王享有體薦,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>享則半解其體而薦之,所以示其儉。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>宴有折俎。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>體解節折,外之于俎,物皆可食,所以示慈惠也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>公當享,卿當宴,王室之禮也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>公謂諸侯。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>武子歸而講求典禮,以修晋國之法。</p>
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<p>又《昭二年》曰:晋侯使韓宣子來聘,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>公即位故。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>且告爲政而來見,禮也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>代趙武爲政,雖盟主而修好同盟,故曰禮。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>觀書于太史氏,見《易·象》與《魯春秋》,曰:「周禮盡在魯矣,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>《易、象》,上下經之象辭。《魯春秋》,史記之策書。《春秋》遵周公之典以序事,故曰:「周禮盡在魯」也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>吾乃今知周公之德與周之所以王也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>《易·象》《春秋》,文王周公之制。當此時儒道廢,諸國多缺,惟魯備,故宣子適魯而說之也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又《昭四》曰:楚靈王使問禮于左師與子産,左師曰:「小國習之,大國用之,敢不薦聞?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言所聞,謙示所未行。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>獻公合諸侯之禮六。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>其禮,六儀也。宋爵公,故獻公禮。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子産曰:「小國共職,敢不薦守?」獻伯、子、男會公之禮六。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>鄭,伯爵,故獻伯、子、男會公之禮。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又《昭五》曰:公如晋,自郊勞至于贈賄,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>往有郊勞,去有贈賄。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>無失禮。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>揖讓之禮。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>晋侯謂女叔齊曰:「魯侯不亦善于禮乎?」對曰:「魯侯焉知禮!」公曰:「何爲?自郊勞至于贈賄,禮無違者,何故不知?」對曰:「是儀也,不可謂禮。禮,所以守其國,行其政令,無失其民者也。」</p>
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<p>又《昭七》曰:孟僖子病不能相禮,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不能相儀答郊勞,以此爲已疾。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>乃講學之,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>講習也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>苟能禮者從之。及其將死也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>二十四年孟僖子卒,傳終言之。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>召其大夫,曰:「禮,人之<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>也。無禮,無以立。吾聞將有達者曰孔丘,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>僖子卒時,孔丘年三十五。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>聖人之後也。我若獲沒,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>得以壽終。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>必屬說與何忌于夫子,使事之<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>說南宮敬、叔何忌、孟懿子,皆僖子之子也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>而學禮焉,以定其位。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>知禮則位安。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又《昭二十五》曰:鄭子太叔見趙簡子,簡子問揖讓、周旋之禮焉。對曰:「是儀也,非禮也。」簡子曰:「敢問何謂禮?」對曰:「吉也聞諸先大夫子産曰:『夫禮,天之經也,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>經者,道之常。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>地之義也,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>義者,利之宜也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>民之行也。』<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>行者,人所履。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>天地之經,而民實則之。」簡子曰:「甚哉,禮之大也。」對曰:「禮,上下之紀、天地之經緯也,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>緯經錯居以相成者。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>民之所以生也。是以先王尚之。」</p>
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<p>又《昭二十六》曰:齊景公曰:「善哉,吾今而後知禮之可以爲國也。」對曰:「禮之可以爲國也久矣,與天地幷。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>有天地則禮義興。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>君令臣共,父慈子孝,兄愛弟敬,夫和妻柔,姑慈婦聽,禮也。君令而不違,臣共而不貳;父慈而教,子孝而箴;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>箴,諫也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>兄愛而友,弟敬而順;夫和而義,妻柔而正;姑慈而從,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>從,不自專。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>婦聽而婉:<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>婉,順也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>禮之善物也。」</p>
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<p>又《定下》曰:公會齊侯于祝其,實夾穀。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>夾谷即祝其地。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>孔丘相,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>相,會儀也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>犁彌言于齊侯曰:「孔丘知禮而無勇,若使萊人以兵劫魯侯,必得志焉。」</p>
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<p>又《定下》曰:邾隱公來朝,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>朱子益也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子貢觀焉。邾子執玉高,其容仰;公受玉卑,其容俯。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>王朝者之贄。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子貢曰:「以禮觀之,二君者皆有死亡焉。夫禮,死生存亡之禮也。將左右、周旋,進退、俯仰,于是乎取之;朝、祀、喪、戎,于是乎觀之。今正月相朝而皆不度,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不合法度。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>心已亡矣。」</p>
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<p>又《哀上》曰:太宰嚭召季康子,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>嚭,吳大夫。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>康子使子貢辭。太宰嚭曰:「國君道長大,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言君長于道路。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>而大夫不出門,此何禮也?」對曰:「豈以爲禮畏大國也?<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>畏大國,不敢虛國盡行。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>大國不以禮命于諸侯,苟不以禮,豈可量也?寡君旣共命焉,其老,豈敢弃其國?太伯端委,以治周禮,仲雍嗣之,斷谷文身,裸以爲飾,豈禮也哉?」</p>
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<p>《春秋說題辭》曰:禮者,所以設容,明天地之體也。</p>
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<p>《論語》曰:有子曰:「禮之用和爲貴,先王之道斯爲美,小大由之。有所不行,知和而和,不以禮節之,亦不可行也。」</p>
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<p>又曰:子曰:「導之以政,齊之以刑,民免而無耻。導之以德,齊之以禮,有耻且格。」</p>
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<p>又曰:子曰:「夏禮,吾能言之,杞不足征也;殷禮,吾能言之,宋不足征也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>征,成也。杞宋二國,夏殷之後。夏殷之禮,吾能說之,杞宋之君不足以成也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:子張問:「十世可知也?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt53" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>世謂易姓之世也。問其制度變易爲何。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子曰:「殷因于夏禮,所損益可知也。周因于殷禮,所損益可知也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt54" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>所損益可知也者,據時篇目皆在可校數。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其或繼周者,雖百世可知也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt55" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>自周之後,以爲交易損益之極,極于三王,亦不是過也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:顔淵問仁,子曰:「克己復禮爲仁。一日克己復禮,天下歸仁焉。爲仁由己,而由人乎哉?」顔淵曰:「請問其目。」子曰:「非禮勿視,非禮勿聽,非禮勿言,非禮勿動。」顔淵曰:「回雖不敏,請事斯語矣。」</p>
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<p>又曰:子曰:「禮雲禮雲,玉帛雲乎哉?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt56" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言禮非但崇此玉帛而已,所貴者乃貴其安上治民。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:漢王已幷天下,諸侯共尊爲皇帝于定陶。叔孫通就其儀號,高帝悉去秦儀法,爲簡易。群臣飲,爭功,醉或妄呼,拔劍擊柱,上患之。通知上益厭之,說上曰:「夫儒者,難與進取,可與守成。臣願征魯諸生,與臣弟子共起朝儀。」上曰:「可試爲之,令易知,度吾所能行爲之。」七年,長樂宮成,諸侯群臣朝十月。大行設九賓臚句傳。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt57" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>上傳語告下爲臚,下告上爲句。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>于是皇帝輦出房,百官執戟傳警,引諸侯王以下至吏六百石以次奉賀。自諸侯王以下,莫不震恐肅敬。至禮畢,盡伏,置法酒,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt58" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>文穎曰:作酒令法也。蘇林曰:常會須天子中起更衣,然後入置酒。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>諸侍坐殿上,皆伏抑首,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt59" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>如淳曰:抑,屈。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>以尊卑次起上壽。觴九行,謁者言罷酒。御史執法,舉不如儀者,輒引去。竟朝置酒,無敢喧嘩失禮者。於是高帝曰:「吾乃今日知爲皇帝之貴也。」拜通爲太常,賜金五百斤。通出,皆以五百金賜諸生。諸生乃喜曰:「叔孫生聖人,知當世務也。」</p>
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<p>又曰:王者必因前王之禮,而順時施宜,有所損益,節人之心,稍稍製作。</p>
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<p>又曰:宣帝時,諫議大夫王吉上疏,願述舊禮,明王制,驅一代之人,躋之仁壽之域。</p>
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<p>范曄《後漢書·曹褒傳》曰:詔召玄武司馬班固,問改定禮制之宜。固曰:「京師諸儒多能說禮,宜廣招集,共議失得。」帝曰:「諺言作舍道邊,三年不成。會禮之家,名爲聚訟。互生疑异,筆不得下。昔堯作大章,一夔足矣。」<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:需要指定公元的紀年" title="Category:需要指定公元的紀年" about="#mwt60" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="請指定為“531年”或“87年”">章和元年</span></a>正月,乃召褒詣嘉德門,令小黃門持班固所上叔孫通《漢儀》十二篇敕褒曰:「此制散略,多不合經。今宜依禮條正,使可施行于南宮東觀,盡心集作。」</p>
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<p>《典略》曰:孔子過宋,與弟子集禮于大樹下。宋司馬桓<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别,请协助查实修正。原字符为:,请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt61" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>使拔其樹。去適鄭。</p>
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<p>《六韜》曰:太公對文王曰:「禮者,治之粉澤也。」</p>
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<p>《管子》曰:禮者,因人之情,緣義之理,爲之節文者也。</p>
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<p>《孟子》曰:惻隱之心,仁之端也;辭讓之心,禮之端也。</p>
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<p>《孫卿子》曰:禮者,人主以爲群臣尺寸尋丈檢式也。禮有三本:天地,生之本;先祖,類之本;君師,治之本。國之本在禮也。</p>
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<p>又曰:人生有欲,欲則求,求則爭,爭則亂,亂則窮。先王惡其亂也,故制禮義以養之。禮者,養也。稻梁五味,所以養口也;椒蘭芬馨,所以養鼻也;雕琢刻鏤,黼黼文章,所以養目也;疏房越席,沐浴機筵,所以養體也。</p>
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<p>《莊子》曰:三王五帝之禮儀法度,不矜于同而矜于治,故譬三王五帝之禮儀法度,其猶楂梨橘柚果瓜之屬耶?其味反而皆可於口。</p>
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<p>《文子》曰:老子云︰爲禮者,雕琢人性,矯拂其情。目雖欲之,禁以法;心雖樂之,節以禮。趨翔周旋,屈節异儀。肉凝而弗食,酒敗而不飲。外束其形,中愁其意,汨陰陽之和而迫生命之情。</p>
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<p>《慎子》曰:禮從俗政,上國有貴賤之禮,無賢不肖之禮;有長幼之禮,無勇怯之禮;有親疏之禮,無愛惡之禮也。</p>
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<p>《淮南子》曰:禮者,體情而制文者也。</p>
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<p>又曰:夫水積則生相食之蟲;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt62" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言大魚食小魚。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>土積則生食肉之獸;禮飾則生僞慝之儒。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt63" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>僞,詐。慝,奸。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>夫吹灰而欲無眯,涉水而欲無濡,不可得也。</p>
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<p>《說苑》曰:齊景公登酎,晏子修食禮以待。公曰:「禮,寡人饜之矣。吾欲得天下勇士,與之圖國。」晏子對曰:「君子無禮,是庶人也;庶人無禮,是禽獸也。禮而治國,所以禦民也;轡者,所以馭馬也。無禮而治國家者,嬰未嘗聞也。」景公曰:「善。」乃飾酎更席,以爲上客。</p>
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<p>《尸子》曰:秋爲禮,西方爲秋。秋,肅也。萬物莫不肅敬,禮之至也。</p>
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<p>《韓詩外傳》曰:晏子聘魯,下堂則趨,授立則跪。子貢怪之,問孔子。孔子問晏子,晏子對曰:「夫上堂之禮,君行一,臣行二也。今君之受幣也畢,臣敢不跪乎。」孔子曰:「善。禮中語襇禮。」</p>
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<p>《董生書》曰:禮者,天所爲也;文者,人所爲。謂之禮者,因人情爲節文,以救其亂也。夫堤者,水之防也;禮者,人之防也。刑防其末,禮防其本也。</p>
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<p>《白虎通》曰:夫禮者,陰陽之際也,百事之會也。所以尊天地、賓鬼神、序上下之道也。</p>
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<p>《袁淮書》曰:禮者,緣人情而爲之節度者也。嚴父,愛親之情也;尊親,敬長之義耳。</p>
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<p>《物理論》云︰禮者,履也,律也。義同而名异。</p>
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<p>孫卿《禮賦》曰:爰有大物,非絲非帛,文理成章;非日非月;爲天下明;生者以壽,死者以葬;城郭以固,三軍以强。粹而王,駁而霸,無一焉而亡也。</p>
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