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<p>《周易·繫辭》曰:古之葬者,厚衣之以薪,葬之中野,不封不樹,喪期無數。後世聖人易之以棺椁。</p>
<p>《周禮·春官·喪祝》曰:及祖,飾棺,乃載,遂禦。凡卿大夫之喪,掌事而斂飾棺。</p>
<p>《禮記·檀弓上》曰:有虞氏瓦棺,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>始不用薪者,虞氏尚瓦。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>夏後氏堲周,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>火熟曰<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别请协助查实修正。原字符为请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。"></dfn>,燒土冶以周于棺。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>殷人棺椁,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>椁大也,以木爲之。言椁大于棺。殷人尚梓。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>周人墻置翣。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>墻,柳衣也。凡此言後王之制文也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>周人以殷人之棺椁葬長殤,以夏後氏之<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别请协助查实修正。原字符为请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>周葬中殤、下殤,以有虞氏之瓦棺葬無服之殤。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>略未成人。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《禮記·檀弓上》曰:有子曰:「夫子制于中都,四寸之棺,五寸之椁。以斯知子,不欲速朽也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>中都,魯邑名。孔子嘗爲之宰,爲民作此制。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《禮記·檀弓上》曰:天子之棺四重,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>尚深邃也。諸公三重,諸侯再重,大夫一重,士不重。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>水兕革棺被之,其厚三寸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>以水牛兕牛之革,以爲棺被。革各厚三寸,合六寸也。此爲一重也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small><span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>也棺一,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>所謂<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>卑棺也。《爾雅》曰:「<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span><dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别请协助查实修正。原字符为请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。"></dfn><span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>也。」<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>梓棺二,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>所謂屬與大棺。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>四者皆周。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>周,匝。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>棺束:縮二,衡三,衽每束一。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>衡亦當爲橫。衽,今小要也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>柏椁以端長六尺。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>以端題凑也。其方蓋一尺也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《禮記·檀弓下》曰:天子崩,虞人致百祀之木,可以爲棺椁者,斬之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>掌山澤之官。百祀,畿內百縣之祀。以爲棺椁。斬,伐也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《禮記·檀弓上》後木曰:喪,吾聞諸縣子曰:「夫喪,不可不深長思也,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>後木,魯孝公子惠伯鞏之後。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>買棺外內易。」我死則亦然。</p>
<p>《禮記·檀弓下》曰:陳乾昔寢疾,屬其兄弟而命其子遵己。曰:「如我死,則必大爲我棺,使二婢子夾我。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>婢子,妾也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>陳乾昔死,其子曰:「以殉葬,非禮也,况又同棺乎?」弗果殺。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>善尊巳不陷父于不義也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《禮記·喪大記》曰:君大棺八寸,屬六寸,裨四寸;上大夫大棺八寸,屬六寸;下大夫大棺六寸,屬四寸;士棺六寸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>大棺,棺之在表。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>君里棺用朱綠,用雜金鐕;大夫里棺用玄綠,用牛骨鐕;士不綠。鐕所以緣著里也。}}君蓋用漆,三衽三束;大夫蓋用漆,二衽二束;士蓋不用漆,二衽二束。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>用漆者,塗合牡牝中也。衽,小要。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>君、大夫大鬊爪實于綠中,士埋之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>綠當爲角,聲之誤也。角即謂棺之內也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《禮記外傳》曰:凡棺之重數,從內數向外,如席之重也。兕革棺一,各三寸,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>內一重有水牛皮,次兕皮,二者合爲一重,都厚六寸。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>一名椑棺,又名櫬。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>椑者堅如壁,櫬者親于身也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small><span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>也棺二,厚八寸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span><span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>也曰<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span><dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别请协助查实修正。原字符为请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。"></dfn>木,在<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>卑棺之外。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>屬棺三,其厚四寸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>屬者施<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>也棺外。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>大棺四,厚六寸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>屬棺之列也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>屬棺、大棺皆用梓也。上公去水牛皮,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>兕皮外有三重也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>侯伯已下去水兕,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span><span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>也棺外二重。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>卿、大夫惟屬棺與大棺,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>一重。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>士不言重,惟棺而已。</p>
<p>《左傳·宣上》曰:鄭人田衲公之亂,斫子家之棺。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>以四年殺君故也。斫薄其棺,不使從卿禮。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《左傳·成上》曰:宋文公葬,椁有四阿,棺有翰檜。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>杜預注曰:翰旁飭,檜上飭,王禮。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《左傳·襄上》曰:齊薑薨。初,穆薑使擇美檟,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>檟,梓之屬。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>以自爲櫬與頌琴。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>梓,棺也。頌琴,琴名,猶雅琴也。皆欲以送納。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>季文子取以葬。君子曰:「非禮也。禮無所逆。婦,養姑者也。虧姑以成婦,逆莫大焉。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>穆姜,成公母;齊姜,成公婦也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《左傳·襄上》曰:定姒薨。不殯于廟,無櫬,不虞。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>櫬,親身棺也。季孫以定姒本賤,旣無備器,議其喪制,欲殯不過廟,又不及哭也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>匠慶謂季文子曰:「子爲正卿,而小君之喪不成,不終君也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>父其母,是不終事君之道也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>君長,誰受其咎?」初,季孫爲己樹六檟鹼褸蒲圃東門之外,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>蒲圃,場圃名也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>匠慶請木,季孫曰:「略。」匠慶用蒲圃之檟,季孫不禦。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>禦,止。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《左傳·哀上》曰:趙簡子與鄭戰。簡子誓曰:「志父無罪,君實圖之。若其有罪,絞縊以戮。桐棺三寸,不設屬辟。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>屬辟,棺之重數。王棺四重,君再重,大夫一重。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>素車朴馬,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>以載柩。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>無入于兆。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>兆,葬域。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>下卿之罰也。」</p>
<p>《公羊傳·定公》曰:國君薨,正棺于兩楹之間,然後即位。</p>
<p>《論語·先進》曰:顔淵死,顔路請子之車,以爲之椁。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>欲得賣之,以爲顔淵作椁也。顔路,顔淵之父。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>子曰:「才不才,亦各言其子也。鯉也死,有棺而無椁。吾不徒行,以爲之椁,以吾從大夫之後,不可徒行也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>鯉,孔子子伯魚。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《家語》曰:孔子之徒,公西赤掌殯葬焉。桐棺四寸,柏椁五寸。</p>
<p>《家語》曰:墨子葬法,棺三寸,足以朽骨;衣三領,足以朽肉。掘地之深,下無漏氣發泄于上,襲之以明其所止也。</p>
<p>《說文》曰:棺,關也,可以掩尸。櫬,附身棺也。櫝,匱也。槥,櫝也。</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記" title="史記">史記</a>》曰:飛廉生惡來。俱以材力事紂。武王伐紂,幷殺惡來。時飛廉爲紂使北方,還無所報,爲壇霍太山而報。得石棺銘曰:天令處父與發亂,賜汝石棺。死,遂葬霍太山。</p>
<p>《古史考》曰:舜作瓦棺,湯作木棺。</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:高祖下令:士卒從軍死者,爲槥,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>服虔曰:槥音衛。應劭曰:小棺也。今謂之櫝。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>歸其縣。縣給衣衾棺葬具,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>致其尸于家,縣官更給衣衾斂。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>祠以少牢,吏親葬。</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:張湯自殺,昆弟欲厚葬。湯母曰:「湯爲大臣,被惡言死,何厚葬爲?」載以牛車,有棺無椁。上聞,曰:「非此母不生此子。」</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:哀帝崩,有司奏,董賢乃自殺。死後,其父恭不悔過,乃復以砂畫棺,四時之色,左蒼龍,右白虎,上著金銀日月、玉衣珠璧,至尊無以加。</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:王莽奏貶丁傅太后號,改葬,發取璽綬。太后以爲旣往之事,不須復發。莽固爭之。太后詔曰:「因故棺爲致椁作冢。」旣發傅太后棺,臭聞數里。</p>
<p>《續漢書·禮儀志》曰:王公主貴人皆樟棺朱漆,畫雲氣。公特進樟棺黑漆。</p>
<p>《續漢書》曰:楊震數切諫,爲樊豐等所譖,遣歸本郡。震行至城西凡陽亭,謂諸子、門人曰:「身死之日,以雜木爲棺,單被裁足蓋形,無歸冢次,勿設祭祠。」因飲鴆而卒。</p>
<p>《續漢書》曰:曹褒在射聲營舍,有停棺椁不葬者百餘所。褒親自履行愴然。爲買空地,悉葬其無主者。</p>
<p>《續漢書》曰:周盤字伯堅,年七十三歲,朝集諸生講論終日。因令其二子曰:「吾日者夢見先師東里先生,與我講于陰堂之奧而長嘆,豈吾齒之盡乎?命終之日,桐棺足以周身,外椁足以周棺。斂刑懸封,濯衣幅巾。編四寸簡,寫《堯典》一篇,幷刀筆各一,以置棺前,示不忘聖道。」其月望,無病忽終。學者以爲知命。</p>
<p>《東觀漢記》曰:郭鳳字君張,善說灾異吉凶,占應,病先自知。死日,豫令弟子市棺斂具。至其日,如言卒。</p>
<p>《東觀漢記》曰:耿秉薨,賜朱棺、玉衣。</p>
<p>《東觀漢記》曰:梁商薨,賜東園朱壽器、銀縷玉匣。</p>
<p>《東觀漢記》曰:長沙有義士古初,遭父喪,未葬。鄰人火起,及初舍,棺不可移。初冒火伏棺上,會火滅。</p>
<p>《東觀漢記》曰:大司徒歐陽歙坐在汝南贓罪,死獄中。歙掾陳元上書追訟之,言甚切至。帝乃賜棺木,贈賻三千匹。</p>
<p>謝承《後漢書》曰:徐<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>羽爲長沙郡,將死,遺令不受贈賻。一匹私馬,賣以爲棺。</p>
<p>謝承《後漢書》曰:和帝追封太后父梁松爲褒親湣侯,改殯,賜東園畫棺、玉匣、衣衾而葬之。</p>
<p>《魏志》曰:李傕等葬董卓于郿<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别请协助查实修正。原字符为请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt53" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>,幷收所焚尸之灰,合斂于棺而葬之。是日大風、暴雨、震卓墓,水流入藏,漂其棺椁。</p>
<p>《魏志》曰:宣王討王陵,赦罪。陵自知罪重,試索棺釘以觀太傅意,竟給之,遂自殺。</p>
<p>《曹操別傳》曰:操破梁孝王棺,收金寶。天子聞之,哀泣。</p>
<p>《晋書》曰:夏侯湛將歿,遺命小棺薄斂,不修封樹。論者謂湛雖生不砥厲名節,死則儉約令終,是深達存亡之理也。</p>
<p>《後魏書》曰:崔光韶謂子孫曰:「吾兄弟自幼及老,衣服飲食未曾一片不同。至于兒女官婚榮利之事,未嘗不先以推弟。弟頃橫禍,權作松棺。亦可以爲吾作松棺,使吾見之。」</p>
<p>《南史》曰:宋光祿大夫劉鎮之,年三十許,病篤,已辦凶具。旣而疾愈,因蓄棺以爲壽。九十餘乃亡,此器方用。</p>
<p>《宋書》曰:王敬則爲旣陽令。初至旣陽縣,陸主山下宗侶十餘船同發,敬則船獨不進。乃令入水推之。見烏漆棺,敬則咒云:「若是吉,使船速進,吾富貴,當改葬爾。」船須臾進。入縣城,收此棺葬之。</p>
<p>《宋書》曰:袁昂爲豫章內史,丁所生母憂,去職,以喪還。江路風潮暴駭,昂乃縛衣著棺,誓同沉溺。及風止,餘船皆沒,惟昂船獲全。咸謂精誠所致。</p>
<p>《梁書》曰:衡陽宣王子簡位郢州刺史,卒于官。喪將引,柩有聲。議者欲開視,王妃柳氏曰:「晋文已有前例,不聞開棺。無益亡者之生。徒增生者之痛。」遂止。</p>
<p>《晋公卿禮秩》曰:諸公及從公薨者,賜東園秘器;在外都督者,給秘器,直錢三十萬。安平王孚蔫,給東園溫明秘器。楊駿誅,賜五木棺一具,載以官路車。</p>
<p>《三十國春秋》曰:晋黃門郎殷仲堪游于江濱,見流棺于水,乃接焉。旬日之中,門前之溝忽起爲岸。是夕,有人通夢于仲堪,自稱徐伯,感君之惠,無以報。仲堪因問:「門岸爲何祥乎?」對曰:「水中之岸,其名爲洲。君將爲也。」言終而沒。</p>
<p>《唐書》曰:玄宗<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:732年_(提及)" title="Category:732年 (提及)" about="#mwt54" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="732年">開元二十年</span></a>,自東都幸太原。至太行阪,路隘,逢<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt55" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>卑車。問左右曰:「車中何物?」左右奏曰:「禮,天子出,則載<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt56" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>卑車以從,先王之制也。」上曰:「焉用此!」命焚之。無<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt57" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>卑自此始也。</p>
<p>《莊子》曰:古之喪禮,貴賤有儀,上下有等。天子棺椁七重,諸侯五重,大夫三重,士再重。墨子獨生不歌,死不服,桐棺三重而無椁,以爲法式。</p>
<p>《慎子》曰:匠人成棺而無憎于人,利在人也死。</p>
<p>《呂氏春秋》曰:善棺椁所以備螻蟻也。今世俗大亂,人生逾侈,非爲死者慮,亦所以相矜。</p>
<p>《淮南子》曰:吾生有七尺之形,死有一棺之土。</p>
<p>《淮南子》曰:鬻棺者,欲民之疾疫也;蓄粟者,欲歲之荒饑也。</p>
<p>《鹽鐵論》曰:古者瓦棺堲周,足以收形骸髮齒而已。及其後桐棺不依,桑棺不留。今富者䋠題墻凑,中者梓棺楩椁,貧者繒囊緹囊。</p>
<p>《風俗通》曰:葉令王喬,天下一玉棺于廳事前,令臣吏試入,終不動搖。喬曰:「天帝獨欲召我。」沐浴服飾,寢其中,蓋便立覆。宿夜葬于城東。縣中牛皆流汗吐舌。</p>
<p>《風土記》曰:陽羨縣令袁起生有神靈,無疾暴亡。殯斂已竟,風雷冥晦,失起喪柩。山下居民夜聞山下有數十人,晨往山上,見起棺柩。俄而潜藏,惟有石冢、石壇今在。</p>
<p>《神仙傳》曰:介象爲吳主所征,至武昌,連求去,不許。象言病,帝使左右以美梨一奩賜象。須臾象死,帝殯而埋之。以中時死,其日晡時到建業,以所賜梨付守苑吏。後吏以狀聞,即發象棺。棺中無所有,有奏符。</p>
<p>《搜神記》曰:令有縣孫孤城,古孤竹君之國也。靈帝<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:178年_(提及)" title="Category:178年 (提及)" about="#mwt58" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="178年">光和元年</span></a>,遼水中有浮棺,人破斫之。棺中人語曰:「我,伯夷之弟,孤竹君也。海水壞我棺椁,是以漂。汝斫我何爲?」乃不敢破,因爲立祠。民有發視者,無病而死。</p>
<p>《搜神記》曰:北有道人能令人與死人相見。其同郡人,婦死已數年,聞而往見之,曰:「願令一見死婦,死不恨矣。」道人曰:「可。然聞鼓聲疾出。」俄而得見之,與婦言語,悲喜恩情如生。良久,聞鼓音,悢悢不能得時出,門閉戶掩,婿婿乃徒出,閉其衣裾戶間,掣絕而去。後數歲餘,此人死,家葬之。開冢,見婦棺蓋下有衣裾。</p>
<p>《異苑》曰:海陵如皋縣東城村邊海岸崩壞,一古墓有方頭漆棺,以朱題上云︰百七年墮水,元嘉二十載三月墮于懸獻。</p>
<p>《巴蜀志》曰:獠夷死,即立埋棺,不臥設。</p>
<p>盛弘之《荊州記》曰:冠軍縣東一里有張詹墓,魏太和時人也。刻碑背曰:「白楸之棺,易朽之裳。銅錢不入,瓦器不藏。嗟爾後人,幸勿我傷。」自胡石之亂,墳墓莫不夷毀。此墓元嘉初猶儼然,六年大水,民饑,始被髮。初開,金銀錫銅之器爛然畢備。有二朱漆棺,棺前垂竹薄簾,金釘釘之。</p>
<p>《永嘉郡記》曰:樂成縣石堂水口,先時有一漆棺,逆水入溪十餘里便住,有靈下人云是方姥,甚有靈驗。</p>
<p>《從征記》曰:劉表冢在高平郡。表子琮搗四方珍香數十石著棺中,蘇合消救之香,莫不畢備。永嘉中,郡人衡熙發其墓,表貌如生,香聞數十里。熙懼,不敢犯。</p>
<p>陸機《大墓賦》曰:睹洪檟而爲槥。槥,小棺也。</p>
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