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</section><section data-mw-section-id="1"><h2 id="yu_shang"><span id="id-.E7.8E.89.E4.B8.8A" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>玉上</h2>
<p>《尚書·堯典》曰:在璇璣玉衡,以齊七政。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt4" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>孔安國注曰:在,察也。璇,美玉。璣、衡,王者正天之器,可轉運者。七政,日月五星各異政。舜察天文,齊七政,審已當天心與否。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《胤徵》曰:火炎崑崗,玉石俱焚。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>山脊曰崗。崑山出玉。言火逸而害玉。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《禹貢》曰:華陽黑水,惟梁州,厥貢璆。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>璆,玉名也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>雍州,厥貢惟球琳、琅玕。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>球、琳,皆玉名。琅玉;玕,石而似珠。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《顧命》曰:成王被冕服,馮玉几。</p>
<p>又曰:大玉、夷玉、天球,在東序。</p>
<p>《尚書中候》曰:湯沉璧於洛,黑鳥隨魚止,化為黑玉,赤勒文。</p>
<p>《尚書說》曰:有人能起載玉英。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>鄭玄曰:玉,果實,能召載為骨衣也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《尚書大傳》曰:堯致舜天下,贈以昭華之玉。</p>
<p>《周書》曰:武王俘商舊寶玉萬四千,佩玉億有八萬。</p>
<p>《周禮·天官下》曰:玉府掌王之金、玉、玩好、兵器,凡良貨賄之藏,共王之服玉、佩玉、珠玉、齊則共食玉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>玉是陽精之純者,食之所御水氣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《春官上·大宗伯》曰:玉作六器,以禮天地四方。以蒼璧禮天,以黃琮禮地,以青圭禮東方,以赤璋禮南方,以白琥禮西方,以玄璜禮北方。</p>
<p>《儀禮·聘禮》曰:凡執玉,無籍者襲。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>鄭玄注云:籍言修也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《大戴禮》曰:玉在山而木潤,淵生珠而崖不枯。珠者,陰中之陽也,故勝火。玉者,陽中之陰也,故勝水。</p>
<p>《禮記·月令》曰:孟春之月,天子衣青衣,服蒼玉。</p>
<p>又《曲禮上》曰:受珠玉者以掬。</p>
<p>又曰:執玉爵者弗揮。</p>
<p>又曰:執玉不趨。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>志重玉也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《檀弓》曰:石駘仲卒,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>駘仲,衛大夫,石碏之族。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>無適子,有庶子六人。卜所以為後者,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>莫適立也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>曰:「沐浴佩玉,則兆。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>言齋潔則得吉兆也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>五人者,則沐浴佩玉。石祁子曰:「孰有執親之喪而沐浴佩玉者乎?」不沐浴佩玉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>心正,且知禮。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《月令》曰:孟春之月,天子衣青衣,服蒼玉。</p>
<p>又《玉藻》曰:古之君子必佩玉,右徵、角,左宮、羽,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>玉聲所中也。微、角在右,事也,民也,可以勞;宮、羽在左,君也,物也,宜逸。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>趨以釆齊,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>路門外之樂節也。門外謂之趨。齊,當為楚薺之薺。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>行以肆夏,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>登堂之樂節。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>周還中規,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>反行也宜圓。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>折還中矩,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>曲行也宜方。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>進則揖之,退則揚之,然後玉鏘鳴也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>揖之謂小免,見於前也。揚之謂小仰,見於後也。鏘,聲貌。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:君子無故,玉不去身,君子於玉比德焉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>故謂喪與災。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>天子佩白玉而玄組綬,公侯佩山玄玉而朱組綬,大夫佩水蒼玉而純組綬,世子佩瑜玉而綦組綬,士佩瓀玟而縕組綬。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>玉有山玄、水蒼者,視之文色所似也。綬者,所以貫佩玉相承受者也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《學記》曰:玉不琢不成器,人不學不知道。</p>
<p>又《聘義》曰:子貢問於孔子曰:「敢問君子貴玉而賤珉,何也?為玉之寡,珉之多與?」孔子曰:「非為珉之多,故賤之也,玉之寡,故貴之也。夫昔者,君子比德於玉焉:溫潤而澤,仁也;縝密而栗,知也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>縝,致也。栗,堅貌。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>廉而不劌,義也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>劌猶傷也。義者,不苟傷人也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>垂之如墜,禮也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>禮尚廉卑。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>叩之,其聲清越以長,其終詘然,樂也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>樂作則有聲,止則無也。越猶揚也。詘,絕止貌。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>瑕不掩瑜,瑜不掩瑕,忠也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>瑕,玉之病也。瑜,其中間美者。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>孚尹旁達,信也;气如白虹,天也;精神見於山川,地也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>精神,亦精氣也。虹,天氣也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>圭璋特達,德也;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>特達,謂以朝聘。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>天下莫不貴者,道也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>道者,人無不由。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>《詩》云:『言念君子,溫其如玉。』故君子貴之也。」</p>
<p>《禮含文嘉》曰:玉石得宜,則太白常明。</p>
<p>《禮稽命徵》曰:王者得禮制,則澤谷之中有白玉焉。</p>
<p>《禮斗威儀》曰:君乘金而王,則紫玉見於深山。</p>
<p>《左傳·桓公》曰:初,虞叔有玉,虞公求旃,不獻。既而侮之,曰:「周諺有之:『匹夫無罪,懷璧其罪。』吾焉用此以其賈害?」乃獻之。</p>
<p>又《莊公》曰:虢公、晉侯朝王,享醴,命之宥,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>命之以幣物。宥,助也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>皆玉五玨,非禮也。</p>
<p>又《僖上》曰:天王使邵武公、內史過賜晉侯命,受玉惰。過歸,告王曰:「晉侯其無後乎!」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>事具錫命門。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《僖下》曰:楚子玉自為瓊弁、玉纓,未之服也。先戰,夢河神謂己曰:「畀余,賜汝孟諸之麋。」弗致也。大心與子西使榮黃諫,弗聽。榮季曰:「死而利國,猶或為之,況瓊玉乎?是糞土也,而可以濟師,將何愛焉?」弗聽。</p>
<p>又《僖下》曰:晉侯執衛侯,歸之於京師,使醫衍鴆衛侯。寧俞貨醫,使薄其鴆,不死。公為之納玉於王與晉侯,皆十玨。王許之,乃釋衛侯。</p>
<p>又《文公下》曰:秦伯使西乞朮來聘,且言將伐晉。襄仲辭玉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>事具奉使門。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:莒太子仆,以其寶玉來奔。</p>
<p>又《成上》曰:晉及齊戰於鞍,齊師敗。齊侯使賓媚人賂以紀甗、玉磬與地,不可,則聽客之所為。</p>
<p>又《襄十五年》曰:宋人或得玉,獻諸子罕。子罕弗受。獻玉者曰:「以示玉人,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>玉人,能治玉者。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>玉人以為寶也,故敢獻之。」子罕曰:「我以不貪為寶,爾以玉為寶。若以與我,皆喪寶也。不若人有其寶。」稽首而告曰:「小人懷璧,不可以越鄉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>言必為盜所害。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>納此,以請死也<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>請免死。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>」子罕置諸其里,使玉人為之攻之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>攻,治也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>富而後,使復其所。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>賣玉得富。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又:《襄公十八年》曰:晉侯伐齊,將濟河,獻子以朱絲系玉二玨而禱曰:<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>雙玉曰玨。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>「齊環怙恃其險,負其眾庶,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>環,齊靈公名。負,依也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>棄好背盟,陵虐神主。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>神主,民也。謂數伐魯民人。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>曾臣彪將率諸侯以討焉,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>彪,晉平公名。稱臣者,明上有天子,以謙告臣。曾臣,猶未臣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>其官臣偃實先後之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>守官之臣。偃,獻子名。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>苟捷有功,無作神羞,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>羞,恥也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>官臣偃無敢復濟。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>偃信巫言,故以死自誓。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>惟爾有神裁之!」沈玉而濟。</p>
<p>又《昭七年》曰:燕暨齊平。燕人歸燕姬,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>嫁女於齊侯。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>賂以瑤甕、玉櫝、斝耳。不克而還。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>瑤,玉也。櫝,匱也。斝耳,玉爵。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:公賜公衍羔裘,使獻龍輔於齊侯。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>龍輔,玉名。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>遂入羔裘,齊侯喜,與之陽谷。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>陽谷,齊邑。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:公疾,遍賜大夫,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>從公者。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>大夫不受。賜子家子雙琥、<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>琥,玉器。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>一環、一璧、輕服,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt53" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>細好之服,<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>受之。大夫皆受其賜。己未,公薨,子家反賜於府人,曰:「吾不敢逆君命也。」大夫皆反其賜。</p>
<p>又《昭十六年》曰:晉韓起聘於鄭。宣子有環,其一在鄭商。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt54" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>玉環,衕工共朴,自共為雙。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>宣子謁諸鄭伯,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt55" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>謁,請也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>子產弗與,曰:「非官府之守器也,寡君不知。」子太叔、子羽謂子產曰:「韓子亦無几求,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt56" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>言所求少。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>晉國亦未可以貳。晉國、韓子不可偷也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt57" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>偷,薄也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>若屬有讒人交斗其間,鬼神而助之,以興其凶怒,悔之何及?吾子何愛於一環,其以取憎於大國也?盍求而與之?」子產曰:「吾非偷晉而有二心,將終事之,是以弗與,忠信故也。僑聞:君子非無賄之難,立而無令名之患。僑聞:為國非不能事大字小之難,無禮以定其位之患。夫大國之人令於小國,而皆獲其求,將何以給之?一共一否,為罪滋大。大國之求,無禮以斥之,何厭之有?吾且為鄙邑,則失位矣。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt58" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>不復成國。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>若韓子奉命以使,而求玉焉,貪淫甚矣,獨非罪乎?出一玉以起二罪,吾又失位,韓子成貪,將焉用之?且吾以玉賈罪,不亦銳乎?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt59" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>銳,細小也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>韓宣子私覲於子產,以玉與馬,曰:「子命起舍夫玉,是賜我玉而免吾死也。敢不藉手以拜!」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt60" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>以玉為藉手。拜謝子產。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《昭十七年》曰:鄭裨竈言於子產曰:「宋、衛、陳、鄭將同日火,若我用瓘斝玉瓚,鄭必不火。」子產弗與。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt61" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>以為天災流行,非禮所息故也。為明年宋、衛、陳災傳。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《定上》曰:蔡昭侯為兩佩與兩裘,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt62" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>佩,佩王也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>以如楚,獻一佩,一裘於昭王。昭王服之,以享蔡侯。</p>
<p>又曰:蔡侯歸,及漢,執玉而沈,曰:「余所有濟漢而南者,有若大川!」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt63" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>自誓,言若復渡漢,當受禍,明如大川。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又曰:季平子行東野還,未至,丙申卒於房。陽虎將以璵璠斂,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt64" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>璵璠,美玉,君所賜。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>仲梁懷弗與,曰:「改步改玉。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt65" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>昭公之出,季孫行君事,佩璵璠祭宗廟。今定公立,復臣位,改君步,亦當去璵璠。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>陽虎欲逐之,告公山不狃,曰:「彼為君也,子何怨焉?」</p>
<p>又《定下》曰:邾隱公來朝,子貢觀焉。邾子執玉高,其容仰,公受玉卑,其容俯。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt66" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>玉,朝者之贊。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>子貢曰:「以禮觀之,二君者,皆有死亡焉。」</p>
<p>又曰:陽虎脫甲如宮,取寶玉、大弓以出。</p>
<p>又《哀上》曰:衛太子禱曰:「大命不敢請,佩玉不敢愛。」</p>
<p>又曰:吳申叔儀乞糧於公孫有山氏,曰:「佩玉蕊兮,余無所系之。」</p>
<p>《谷梁傳·隱公》曰:賵玉曰含。</p>
<p>《春秋孔演圖》曰:孔子論經,有鳥化為書。孔子奉以告天,赤爵集書上,化為玉,刻曰「孔氏命作應法」。</p>
<p>《春秋說題辭》曰:孔子以受黃玉,葬魯城北。</p>
<p>《毛詩·國風》曰:將翱將翔,佩玉鏘鏘。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt67" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>鏘鏘,鳴玉而後行。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《竹竿》曰:巧笑之瑳,佩玉之郍。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt68" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>瑳,巧笑貌。郍,行有節度。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《小雅》曰:它山之石,可以攻玉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt69" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>攻,錯也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《大雅》曰:維玉及瑤,鞞琫容刀。</p>
<p>《詩含神霧》曰:孔子曰:「詩者,天地之心,刻之玉板,藏之金俯。」</p>
<p>《韓詩外傳》曰:良玉度尺,雖有千仞之土,不能掩其光。</p>
<p>《周易·鼎卦》曰:上九,鼎玉鉉,大吉,無不利。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt70" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>鄭玄注曰:鼎,蓋象玉,似剛而柔,廉而不劌。《易》曰:乾為金為玉。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《孝經援神契》曰:神靈滋液百寶用,則玉有瑛華。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt71" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>宋均曰:尊卑不失其服,玉有英華也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>《論語·子罕》曰:子貢曰:「有美玉於斯,韞櫝而藏諸?求善價而沽諸?」</p>
<p>子曰:「沽之哉!沽之哉!我,待價者也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt72" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>寧有自訟賣之道乎?我居而待價者。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small></p>
<p>又《季氏》曰:孔子曰:「求,虎兕出於柙,龜玉毀於櫝中,是誰之過與?」</p>
<p>《逸論語》曰:璠璵,魯之寶玉也。孔子曰:「美哉,璠璵!遠而望之,煥若也;近而視之,瑟若也。一則理勝,一則孚勝。」</p>
<p>又曰:玉十謂之區,治玉謂之琢,亦謂之雕。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt73" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>雙玉為㲄,五㲄為區。雕,治璞也。㲄音角。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>瑳,玉色鮮白也。瑩,玉色也。瑛。玉光也。瓊,赤玉也。璿、瑾、瑜,美玉也。璑,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt74" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>舞。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>三釆玉也。玲、瑲、<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别请协助查实修正。原字符为请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt75" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>、琤、𤦹、瑝,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt76" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span>鍠。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px"></span></small>玉聲也。璬玉,佩玉也。瑱,充耳也。璪,玉飾以水藻也。</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記" title="史記">史記</a>》曰:范蠡事越王勾踐二十餘年,竟滅吳。范蠡曰:「君行令,臣行意。」乃載其輕寶珠玉,乘舟浮海行,終不反。</p>
<p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:陳平求見漢王,拜平為都尉。絳、灌等或讒平,曰:「雖美丈夫,如冠玉耳!」</p>
<p>又曰:文帝始幸雍,新垣平以望氣見。平使人持玉杯闕下獻之。平言上曰:「闕下有寶玉氣。」果有獻玉杯者。</p>
<p>又《郊祀志》曰:宣帝祀河東之明年,鳳凰集投祤,於所集處得寶玉,乃起萬壽宮。</p>
<p>又曰:王莽就國,孔休守新都相。休謁見莽,莽進其玉具寶劍,休不肯受。莽因曰:「誠見君面有瘢,美玉可以滅,獻其璏耳。」即解其璏,休復辭。莽遂椎碎之,自裏以進休也。</p>
<p>《後漢書》曰:孝明帝時,汴渠成。故行幸滎陽,巡行河渠。荐嘉玉潔牲,以禮河神。</p>
<p>《續漢書》曰:桓帝時,光祿吏舍下,夜有青氣。視之,得玉鈎、玦各一。鈎長七寸三分,玦五寸四分,身中皆雕鏤。</p>
<p>又曰:三老五更杖玉杖。民年七十,授之以玉杖。</p>
<p>華嶠《后漢書》曰:嘉平中,袁逢為三老,賜玉杖。</p>
<p>范曄《後漢書》曰:梁冀,金玉珠璣,異方珍怪積藏室。</p>
<p>《魏志》曰:漢時,夫餘王葬用玉鉀,常豫以付玄菟郡,王死則迎取以葬。公孫淵伏誅,玄菟庫猶有玉鉀一具。今夫餘庫有玉璧、圭、瓚數代之物,傳世以為寶。耆老言:先代之所賜也。</p>
<p>《魏略》曰:大秦國出釆玉、五色玉,夫餘國出赤玉。
《晉書》曰:中興東遷,舊章多闕,而冕旒飾以翡翠、珊瑚及雜珠等。顧和奏:「舊冕十有二旒,皆用玉、珠。今用雜珠等,非禮。若不能玉,可用白璇。」成帝於是始下太常改之。</p>
<p>沈約《宋書》曰:紫玉,王者不藏金玉,則光見深山。</p>
<p>崔鴻《十六國春秋·南燕錄》曰:鎮南長史悅壽,謂南海王法曰:「向見北海王子,天資弘雅,神爽高邁,始知天族多奇,玉林皆寶。」</p>
<p>又《前涼錄》曰:辛攀,字懷遠,隴西狄道人。兄鑒曠,弟寶迅,皆以才識知名。秦雍為之語曰:「三龍一門,金友玉昆。」</p>
<p>又曰:初,呂光之稱王也,遣市六璽於于闐。六月,玉至也。</p>
<p>《燕書》曰:文帝<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:517年_(提及)" title="Category:517年 (提及)" about="#mwt77" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="517年">熙平二年</span></a>,左部民得玉璽、玉鼎。</p>
<p>《趙書》曰:劉聰徙治平陽,於汾水中得白玉,四寸,高二分,龍鈕,文曰「有新保之」。</p>
<p>《後魏書》曰:崔挺為光州刺史。掖縣有人年逾九十,板輿造州。自稱:「少曾充使林邑,得一美玉,方尺四寸,甚有光彩,藏之海島,垂六十歲,忻逢明政,今願奉之。」挺曰:「吾雖德謝古人,未能以玉為寶。」遣船隨取,光潤果然。迄不肯受,乃表送都。</p>
<p>又曰:李預,字元凱,曆徵西大將軍長史,帶馮翊太守。府解罷郡,遂居長安。羨古人餐玉法,乃釆訪藍田,躬往政得若環璧、雜器形者大小百餘,頗有粗黑者,亦挾盛以還。至而觀之,皆光潤可玩。預乃椎七十枚為屑,食之,余多惠人。後預及聞者更求玉於前處,皆無所見。翊公源懷弟得其玉,琢為器、佩,皆鮮明可寶。預服經年,云有效驗。而世事寢食,皆不禁節,又加好酒損志。及疾篤,謂妻子曰:「吾酒色不絕,自致於死,非藥過也。然吾尸體必當異,勿速殯,令後人知餐服之妙。」時七月中旬,長安毒熱,預尸四宿而體色不變。其妻常氏以玉、珠二枚含之,口閉。常謂曰:「君自云餐玉有神驗,何不受含?」言訖,齒啟納珠。因虛其口,都無穢氣。舉斂棺,堅直不傾委。死時,有遺玉屑數升,囊盛,納諸棺中。</p>
<p>又曰:高祐為中書侍郎時,有人於零丘得玉印一以獻,詔以示祐。祐曰:「印上有籀書二字,文曰:『守壽』。壽者,命也。我獲其命,亦是歸我之徵。」</p>
<p>又曰:穆弼有風格,善自位置。高祖初定代族,欲以弼為國子助教。弼辭曰:「先臣以來,蒙恩累世。比校徒流,實用慚屈!」高祖曰:「朕欲厲冑子,故屈卿先。白玉投泥,豈能相污?」弼曰:「既遇明時,恥沉於泥滓。」</p>
<p>又曰:孝昌中,於廣平王第掘得古玉印。敕召祖瑩與李琰之令辯何世之物,瑩云:「此是于闐國王晉泰康中所獻。」乃以墨塗字,觀之果如瑩言。時人稱為博物。</p>
<p>《後周書》曰:武帝保定中,晉公護獲玉斗以獻。</p>
<p>《北史》曰:於謹平江陵,獲大玉,徑四尺,圍七尺,及諸輿輦法物以獻。</p>
<p>又曰:隋文時,王邵上表云:「稽覽圖史。」又云:「『政道則陰物變為陽物。』鄭玄注云:『蔥變為韭,亦是。』謹案,自六年已來,遠近山石多變為玉,石為陰,玉為陽。」</p>
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