187 lines
33 KiB
HTML
187 lines
33 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh" dir="ltr"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="main.css"/><title>卷八百九十八</title><style typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" about="#mwt1"><![CDATA[@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.header{display:table!important}}]]></style></head><body class="mw-content-ltr sitedir-ltr ltr mw-body-content parsoid-body mediawiki mw-parser-output" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.23.0.0-alpha10" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0" xml:lang="zh"><section data-mw-section-id="0"><span about="#mwt1">
|
||
</span><table class="ws-header" style="border-spacing:0px; padding:0px; width:100%; margin-bottom:0px; border:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#93A6C0); background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#F9F9F9); color: inherit;text-align:center;" about="#mwt1">
|
||
<tbody><tr><td style="width:25%; text-align: left;"><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c899_tai_ping_yu_lan_0897.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0897">獸部九</a> <span style="color:#999"> ◄ </span></td>
|
||
<td style="width:50%; text-align: center;"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c0_tai_ping_yu_lan.xhtml" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a></b><br/>卷八百九十八.獸部十</td>
|
||
<td style="width:25%; text-align: right;"><span style="color:#999"> ► </span> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c901_tai_ping_yu_lan_0899.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0899">獸部十一</a><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/></td></tr>
|
||
</tbody></table><table style="width:100%; background:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#F8FCFF); color: inherit;font-size:small; border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#93A6C0)" class="ws-header" about="#mwt1">
|
||
<tbody><tr>
|
||
<td><span style="color: #464646;"><ul id="plainSister-n9212" style="display:inline-block; font-size:93%; line-height:normal; list-style-type:none; list-style-image:none; list-style-position:outside; border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#AAA); float:right; clear:right; margin:0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex; padding:0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex; background-color:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF);color: inherit;"><li class="sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Template:Textinfo" title="Template:Textinfo"><img alt="Documentation for the TextInfo template." resource="./File:Information_icon.svg" src="images/c1007_Information_icon.svg_20px_Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-type="drawing" class="mw-file-element" style="width:18px; height:18px; " data-title="Information_icon.svg-20px-Information_icon.svg.png"/></a></span></span><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Talk:太平御覽/0898" title="Talk:太平御覽/0898">版本<span typeof="mw:LanguageVariant" data-mw-variant="{"twoway":[{"l":"zh-hant","t":"資訊"},{"l":"zh-hans","t":"信息"}]}"/></a></li><li class="noprint sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix"><img alt="姊妹计划" resource="./File:Wikimedia-logo.svg" src="images/c1004_Wikimedia_logo.svg_20px_Wikimedia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-type="drawing" class="mw-file-element" style="width:18px; height:18px; " data-title="Wikimedia-logo.svg-20px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png"/></a></span></span><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix">姊妹计划</a>: <a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85609760" title="d:Q85609760" class="extiw">数据项</a></li></ul></span>
|
||
<table style="font-size:0.9em; text-align:left; background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#F9F9F9); float:right;color: inherit;">
|
||
<tbody><tr><td style="color: #999999;"/></tr>
|
||
</tbody></table>
|
||
</td></tr>
|
||
</tbody></table>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="1"><h2 id="niu_shang"><span id="id-.E7.89.9B.E4.B8.8A" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>牛上</h2>
|
||
<p>《說文》曰:牡,畜父也,從牛土聲。犅<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt4" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>古郎切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,特,牛父也。牝,畜母也,從牛匕聲。犢,牛子也。牬<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>普外切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,二歲牛也。犙<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>山耽切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,三歲牛也。牭<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>思貳切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,四歲牛也。戒<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>戒,又音加<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,騬牛也。牻<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>莫江切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,白黑雜毛牛也。掠<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>力強切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,牻牛也。犡<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>力制切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,牛白脊也。𤙛<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>達胡切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>黃牛虎文也。犖,駮牛也。㸹<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>力拙切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,牛白脊也。𤘾<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>匹耕切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,牛文駮如星也。犥<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>普表切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,牛黃白色也。犉<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>而純切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,黃牛黑唇也。攉<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音岳<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,白牛也。㹔<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>居羊切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,牛馬脊也。𤙎<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,牛徐行也。犫,牛息聲也。一曰牛名。牷<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音全<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>,牛純色也。𤛾牛<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>{牜憂}音遶<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>柔謹也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《廣志》曰:有靡犘<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>馬家切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>牛,牛出巴中,重千斤。犦<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>蒲角切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>牛,一曰{封牛}牛,有赤豹,封牛。周留水牛,毛青腹大,狀似猪。有牧牛,項上堆肉大如斗。似橐駝,日行三百里。犤<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音皮<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>牛,猶痺小,今謂之稷牛,又呼杲下牛,出廣州高涼郡。犩<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>吾威切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>牛,如牛而大,肉數千斤,出蜀中。夔牛,重千斤,晉時此牛出上庸郡。獵<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>力涉切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>牛,旄牛也,髀膝間皆有毛。花蹄牛,高六尺,尾環繞角,有四耳,角端有肉,蹄如蓮華。堂牛,色黑或黃,日南有之。潛牛,形狀似水牛,一名{牜冗}<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音沉<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>牛。麟牛,似鹿,又似羊,肉美。牥<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音方<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>牛,如橐駞,能行。又有<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别,请协助查实修正。原字符为:,请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>牛,《莊子》曰:「其大若垂天之云。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《易·大畜卦》曰:六四,童牛之牿,玄吉。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《無褪翟》曰:六三,無妄之災,或系之牛。行人之得,邑人之災。象曰:「行人得牛,邑人災也。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《遁卦》曰:六二,執之用黃牛之革,莫之勝說。《象》曰:「執用黃牛,固志也。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《離卦》曰:離,利貞。畜牝牛,吉。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《既濟》曰:九五,東鄰殺牛,不如西鄰之禴祭。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《說卦》曰:坤為牛。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《周書·王會》曰:卜盧紈牛。紈牛者,牛之大者。大夏玆白牛、數楚每牛,牛之小者也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>大夏,西北戎。數楚,北戎。玆白牛,野獸,形似白牛。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《詩·鴻雁·無羊》曰:誰謂爾無牛?九十其犉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>黃牛黑唇曰犉。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:爾牛來思,其耳溼溼。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《尚書》曰:武王克紂,放牛於桃林之野。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《左傳·成七年》曰:鼷鼠食郊牛角。改卜牛,鼷鼠又食其角。乃免牛。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《宣三年經》曰:王正月,郊牛之口傷。改卜牛,牛死。乃不郊。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《僖上》曰:齊侯伐楚,楚子使與師言曰:「君處北海,寡人處南海,惟是風馬牛不相及也。不虞君之涉吾地也,何故?」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《僖下》曰:介葛盧來朝,聞牛鳴,曰:「是生三犧,皆用之矣。其音云。」問之而信。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:秦師入滑,鄭商人弦高將市於周,遇之。以乘韋先,牛十二犒師,曰:「寡君聞吾子將步師出於敝邑,敢犒從者。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《宣上》曰:宋城,華玄為植,巡功。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>植,主巡行城也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>城者謳曰:「於思於思,棄甲復來。」使驂乘謂之曰:「牛則有皮,犀兕尚多,棄甲則那?」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《宣上》曰:楚子為陳夏氏亂故,伐陳,殺夏徵舒,因縣陳。申叔時使於齊,反,復命而退。王使讓之曰:「夏徵舒為不道,弒其君,寡人以諸侯討而戮之。汝獨不慶寡人,何故?」曰:「夏徵舒弒其君,其罪大矣;討而戮之,君之義也。抑人有言曰:『牽牛以蹊人之田,而奪之牛』。牽牛以蹊者,信有罪矣。而奪之牛,罰已重矣。諸侯之從君,討有罪也。今縣陳,貪其富也,無乃不可乎?」王曰:「善」。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《成公下》曰:韓厥曰:「古人有言:『殺老牛,莫之敢尸』,而況君乎?二三子不能事君,焉用厥也?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>尸也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《昭十三年》曰:邾人、莒人訴於晉曰:「魯朝夕伐我,幾亡矣。我之不共,魯故之以。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不共晉貢,以魯故也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>晉侯使叔向來辭曰:「寡君不得事君矣,請君無勤。」鐘服惠伯對曰:「君信蠻夷之訴,以絕兄弟之國,寡君聞命矣。」叔向曰:「寡君有甲車四千乘在,雖以無道行之,必可畏也。況其率道,何敵之有?牛雖瘠,僨加於豚上,其畏不世乎?」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《禮記·曲禮上》曰:國君下齊牛。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《曲禮下》曰:諸侯無故不殺牛。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《月令》曰:季春,犧牲駒犢,舉書其數。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>在牧而書數,秋當保內。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:季冬,命有司出土牛,以示農耕之早晚。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《曲禮下》曰:天子祭天地,諸侯祭山川,大夫祭五祠,士祭其先。天子以犧牛,諸侯以肥牛,大夫以索牛。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《郊特牲》曰:郊,所以明天道也。帝牛不吉,以為稷牛。帝牛必在滌三月,稷牛惟具。所以別事天神與人鬼也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:郊用騂,尚赤也;周犢,貴誠也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《禮器》曰:有以少為貴者,天子祭天,特牲;天子適諸侯,諸侯膳以犢。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《內則》曰:牛夜鳴則庮。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>庮,臭惡也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:祭天地之牛角繭栗,宗廟之牛角握,賓客之牛角赤。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《周禮·地官·封人》曰:凡祭祀,飾其牛牲,設其楅衡,置其絼,共其水藳。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>楅在鼻,衡在角,言不得觸。絼,繫牛鼻繩。絼,本又作紖,持忍反。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《冬官·考工記》曰:稚牛之角直而澤,老牛之角終而昔。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>昔,讀為交錯之錯。謂角扌角理錯也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>角長二尺有五寸,三色不失理,謂之牛戴牛。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>三色,本白、中青、末丰也。戴牛,角直一牛。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《地官上》曰:牛人,掌養國之公牛,以待國之政令。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>公猶官也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>凡祭祀,共其享牛、求牛,以授職人而芻之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>求牛,禱於鬼神之牛,謂所以祭者也。求,終也。終事之牛,謂所以繹者也。宗庙有繹者,孝子求神非一處。職,讀為樴,樴謂之我可以繫牛。樴人者。謂牧人。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>凡賓客之事,共其牢禮積膳之牛。饗食賓射,共其膳羞之牛。軍事,供其犒牛。喪事,共其奠牛。凡會同、軍旅、行役,共蒲傍車之牛,與其牽旁,以載公任器。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>牽旁,在轅外挽牛也。人御之,居其前,曰牽;居其旁曰旁。任猶用也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>凡祭祀,共其牛牲之<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>,與其盆簝,以待事。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>鄭司農云:<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>,謂楅衡之属。盆、簝,皆器名。盆所以盛血。簝,受肉籠也。玄謂:<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>,若今屠家縣肉格。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《秋官上》曰:罪隸掌役百官府,與凡有守者,掌使令之小事。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>役,給其小役。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>凡封國若家,牛助為牽傍。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>鄭司農云:凡封國若家,謂建諸侯、立大夫家也。牛助為牽傍,此官主為送致之也。玄謂:牛助,國以牛助轉徙也。罪隸牽旁之,在前曰牽,在旁曰旁。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記" title="史記">史記</a>》曰:騎劫攻即墨,田單用牛千頭,衣以五綵,縛刃其角,結火其尾。穿城而出牛,壯士五千銜枚隨其後。牛出火明,所觸皆死,壯士擊之,城上士大噪,燕師大敗,騎劫死。乘勝逐北,三戰三克,遂收齊城也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:馬蹄躈千,牛千足,此亦比千乘之家。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>躈,苦吊切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:寗戚欲仕齊,候桓公出,牽牛叩角而歌曰:「南山粲,白石爛,短布單衣才至骭。生不逢堯與舜禪,長夜漫漫何時旦。」桓公用之。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:蘇秦說韓王曰:「鄙語云:『寧為雞口,無為牛後。』今西面事秦,何異牛後乎?」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:邴吉甞出。逢群斗者,死傷橫道,吉過之不問。前行,逢人逐牛,牛喘吐舌。止,使騎吏問牛行几里。或譏吉,吉曰:「民斗殺傷,長安令、京兆尹職所當禁備逐捕,丞相課其殿最,不親小事也。方春少陽用事,未可以熱,恐牛近行因暑故喘,此時氣失節,恐有所傷害者。三公典調和陰陽,職所當憂也。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:龔遂為渤海太守,民有帶持刀劍者,使賣劍買牛,賣刀買犢。可謂帶牛佩犢矣。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:宣宗<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:前67年_(提及)" title="Category:前67年 (提及)" about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="前67年">地節三年</span></a>,求得外祖母王媼男先故,弟武,皆隨使者詣闕,時乘黃牛車,故百姓謂之黃牛嫗。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《後漢書》曰:朱暉為臨淮太守。時牛大疫,而臨淮獨尾<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别,请协助查实修正。原字符为:,请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>者。鄰郡牽牛入界避災耳。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>范曄《後漢書》曰:漢光武初起,騎牛。殺新野尉,乃登揄。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:劉盆子初與兄茂屬右校卒吏劉俠卿,主芻牧牛,號曰牛吏。及立為帝,恐畏欲啼,即復還依俠卿。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:更始即位,舞陰大姓李氏擁城不下,更始遣天柱將軍李寶降之,不肯,云:「聞宛之趙氏有孤孫熹,信義著名,願得降之。」更始乃徵熹。熹年未二十,既引見,更始笑曰:「繭、栗犢豈能負重致遠乎?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>犢角如繭、栗,言小也。《禮緯》曰:天地之牲角繭栗。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>即除為郎中,行偏將軍事,使詣舞陰,而李氏遂降。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:劉寬甞行,有人失牛者,乃就卷車中認之。寬無所言,下駕步歸。有頃,認者得牛而送還,叩頭謝曰:「慚負長者,隨所刑罪。」寬曰:「物有相類,事容脫誤。幸勞檻彘,何為謝之?」州里服其不校。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:魯恭為中牟令,亭長有從貿茶牛不還者。牛主自言,恭召亭長,教令還牛,亭長不還。如是者三,遂不還。恭涕泣曰:「教化不行也。」欲解印綬去。掾吏固爭,亭長即還牛,詣獄受罪,恭貰出不問。於是吏人敬信,皆不忍欺。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>謝承《後漢書》曰:朱暉為郡吏,太守阮況常欲市暉牛,暉不從。及況卒,暉乃厚贈,送其家人。或以譏焉,暉曰:「前阮府君,有求於我,所以不敢聞命,誠恐以財貨污君。今而相送,明吾非有愛也。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《魏略》曰:鉅鹿時苗,字冑,為壽春令。始之官,乘<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别,请协助查实修正。原字符为:,请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>牛。歲餘,生一犢子。及跟,留其犢而去。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《晉書》曰:羊篇,祜擲甓也,為鉅平侯,奉祜嗣。篇曆官清慎,有私牛於官舍產犢,及還而留之。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>張勃《吳錄·地理志》曰:合浦徐聞縣多牛,其項上有特骨,大如復斗,日行三百里。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《蜀志》曰:蔣琰曾夢門前有一牛頭血流,問於趙直,直曰:「牛角及口,公字也;血者事明也。夢吉矣。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《晉朝雜事》曰:泰康九年三月,幽州上言塞北有死牛頭語。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>干寶《晉記》曰:南安朱沖,其鄰人失犢,與沖犢相類,來認取之。沖不與爭。後得之於堅冰之下,慚謝沖,沖不受。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>王隱《晉書》曰:朱沖字巨融,少有德行。鄰人牛犯沖苗,沖乃擔芻釋牛。牛主大慚,不敢復暴。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:潘岳出為河陽令,以任次宜為郎,不得意出。山濤領選,岳內非之,密作謠曰:「閣道東,有大牛,王濟鞅,裴楷鞦,和嶠刺促不得休。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:郭洗牛生犢,兩頭八足。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《晉陽秋》曰:武帝時,有司奏御牛青絲糹引斷,詔可以青麻代之。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《晉書》曰:郭舒,常有鄉人盜食舒牛,事覺來謝,舒曰:「卿飢,所以食牛耳,余肉可共啖之。」世以此服其弘量。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:夫餘國若有軍事,殺牛祭天,以其蹄占吉凶,蹄解者為凶,合者為吉也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:石崇與貴戚王愷,奢靡相尚。常與愷出游,爭入洛城,崇牛迅若飛禽,愷絕不能及。乃密貸其帳下,問其所以。對曰:「牛奔不迅,良由御者逐之不及而反制之,可聽蹁轅則駃矣。」因從之,遂爭長。崇後知之,殺所告者。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:王濟被斥外,於是乃移第北芒山下。性豪侈,麗服玉食。時王愷以帝舅奢豪,有牛名八百里駁,常瑩其蹄角。濟請以錢千萬,與牛對射而賭之,愷亦自恃其能,令濟先射,一發破的。因據胡床叱左右速探牛心來,須臾而至,一割便去。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:何曾性奢豪。都官從事劉亨,甞奏曾以銅鈎黻紖車,瑩牛蹄角。後曾辟亨為掾,勸勿應。亨謂「至公之體,不以私憾」,遂應。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:桓溫北伐,過淮泗,踐北境,與諸寮屬登平乘樓,矚中原,慨然曰:「遂使神州陸沉,百年丘虛,王夷甫諸人不得不任其責!」袁弘曰:「運有廢興,豈必諸人之過?」溫作色謂四坐曰:「頗聞劉景升有千斤大牛,啖芻豆什刀於常牛,負重致遠,曾不若一羸<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别,请协助查实修正。原字符为:,请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>,魏武入荊州,以享軍志。」意以況弘,坐中皆失色。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:王延家中生一犢,他人認之,延牽與之,初無吝色。其人後知其妄認,送犢還延,叩頭謝罪。延以與之,不取也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:肅慎國,武帝時及玄帝中興,皆來貢獻。成帝時,又通貢於石季龍,四年方達。季龍問之,答曰:「每候牛馬向西南眠者,三年矣,是知大國所在,故來。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《南史·四夷傳》曰:扶乘國,有牛角甚長,以角載物,至勝二十斛。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《宋書》曰:褚湛之有一牛,至所愛。無故墮廳事前井。湛之率左右躬自營救,郡中喧擾,彥回下簾不視。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:江湛為吏部尚書,性廉儉。牛餓,御人求草,湛良久曰:「可與飲。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:顧憲之,玄徽中為建康令。時有盜牛者,與本主爭牛,各稱己物。二家辭證等,前後令莫能決。憲之至,復其狀,乃令解牛,任其所去,牛徑還本宅。盜者伏其罪。時人號曰神明。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《三國典略》曰:陳桃根於所部得青牛,獻之。又上織成羅文錦被表二。陳主命於雲龍門外焚之,其牛遣還於人。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:梁出師拒侯景,邵陵脫洶次鍾離。初,綸將發營於樂游苑,臨賀王正德詣於綸所,始入牙門,有飄風觸旗竿而折。至是將殺牛勞土,一牛走入馬廄,抵殺綸所乘駿馬,又以兩角貫一馬腹,載之而行,沖突營幕,軍中驚亂。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>蕭子顯《齊書》曰:豫章文獻王嶷為揚州刺史,拜陵還,過延陵季子廟,觀沸井。有水牛突部伍。直兵執牛推問,王不許,取絹一匹橫系牛角,放歸其家。為治務存寬厚,故得朝野忻心。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《後魏書》曰:邢昕以本官副李象使於梁。昕好忤物,人謂之牛。是行也,談者謂之牛象斗於江南。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《北史》曰:後魏玄仲景,性嚴峭。孝莊時兼御史中尉,京師肅然。每向台,恆駕赤牛,時人號赤牛中尉。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:魏婁提雄杰有識度,僮仆千數,牛馬以谷量。性好周給,士多歸附之。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:道武時,窟咄拒南鄙。莫題時二於帝,遺箭於地。窟咄謂曰:「三歲犢豈勝重載!」言窟咄長而帝少也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:孟信為趙郡太守,及去官,家貧無食。惟有一老牛,其兄子賣之,擬供薪米,作契已訖。市法應知牛主住所在,信適從外來,見買牛人,方知其賣也,因告之曰:「此牛先來有病,小用便發,君不須買也。」杖其兄子二十。買牛人嗟異良久,呼信曰:「孟公,但見與牛,未必須其力也。」苦請不得,乃罷。買牛者周文帝帳下人,周文深嘆異焉。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《隋書》曰:盧昌衡為徐州總管。常行至浚儀,所乘馬為他牛所觸,因致死。牛主陳謝,求還價值,昌衡謂之曰:「六畜相斗,自關常理。此豈人情也?君何謝乎?」拒而不受。性寬厚不求,皆此類也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:牛弘有弟曰弼,好酒而酗。常因醉射殺弘車牛,弘來還宅,其妻迎謂之曰:「叔射殺牛矣。」弘聞之,無所怪。問直,答曰作脯。坐定,其妻又曰:「叔忽射殺牛,大是異事。」弘曰:「已知之矣。」顏色自若,讀書不輟。其寬和如此。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:於仲文遷安固太守。有任、杜兩客各失牛。後得牛,兩家俱認,州郡久不能決。益州長史韓伯俊曰:「於安固少聰察,可令決之。」仲文曰:「此易解耳。」於是令二家各驅牛群至,乃放所認者,遂向任氏群中。又陰使人微傷其牛,任氏嗟惋,杜家自若。仲文於是訶杜氏,杜氏服罪而去。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰:盧愷從周武帝在雲陽宮,敕諸屯簡老牛,欲以享士。愷進諫曰:「昔田子方贖老馬,君子以為美談。向奉明敕,欲以老牛享士,有虧仁政。」帝美其言而止。轉禮部大夫。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《唐書》曰:李密甞欲尋包愷,乘一黃牛,被以蒲韉,仍將《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》一秩掛於角上,一手捉牛靷,一手飜書讀之。尚書令越公楊素見於道,從後按轡躡之。既及,問曰:「何處書生,耽學若此?」密識越公,乃下牛再拜,自言姓名。又問所讀何書,荅曰:「《項羽傳》。」越公奇之。</p>
|
||
|
||
</section></body></html>
|