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251 lines
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh" dir="ltr"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="main.css"/><title>卷九百四十九</title><style typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" about="#mwt1"><![CDATA[@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.header{display:table!important}}]]></style></head><body class="mw-content-ltr sitedir-ltr ltr mw-body-content parsoid-body mediawiki mw-parser-output" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.23.0.0-alpha10" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0" xml:lang="zh"><section data-mw-section-id="0"><span about="#mwt1">
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</span><table class="ws-header" style="border-spacing:0px; padding:0px; width:100%; margin-bottom:0px; border:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#93A6C0); background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#F9F9F9); color: inherit;text-align:center;" about="#mwt1">
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<tbody><tr><td style="width:25%; text-align: left;"><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c950_tai_ping_yu_lan_0948.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0948">蟲豸部五</a> <span style="color:#999"> ◄ </span></td>
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<td style="width:50%; text-align: center;"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c0_tai_ping_yu_lan.xhtml" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a></b><br/>卷九百四十九·蟲豸部六</td>
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<td style="width:25%; text-align: right;"><span style="color:#999"> ► </span> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c952_tai_ping_yu_lan_0950.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0950">蟲豸部七</a><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/></td></tr>
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<td><span style="color: #464646;"><ul id="plainSister-n10066" style="display:inline-block; font-size:93%; line-height:normal; list-style-type:none; list-style-image:none; list-style-position:outside; border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#AAA); float:right; clear:right; margin:0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex; padding:0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex; background-color:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF);color: inherit;"><li class="sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Template:Textinfo" title="Template:Textinfo"><img alt="Documentation for the TextInfo template." resource="./File:Information_icon.svg" src="images/c1007_Information_icon.svg_20px_Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-type="drawing" class="mw-file-element" style="width:18px; height:18px; " data-title="Information_icon.svg-20px-Information_icon.svg.png"/></a></span></span><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Talk:太平御覽/0949" title="Talk:太平御覽/0949">版本<span typeof="mw:LanguageVariant" data-mw-variant="{"twoway":[{"l":"zh-hant","t":"資訊"},{"l":"zh-hans","t":"信息"}]}"/></a></li><li class="noprint sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix"><img alt="姊妹计划" resource="./File:Wikimedia-logo.svg" src="images/c1004_Wikimedia_logo.svg_20px_Wikimedia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-type="drawing" class="mw-file-element" style="width:18px; height:18px; " data-title="Wikimedia-logo.svg-20px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png"/></a></span></span><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix">姊妹计划</a>: <a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85610468" title="d:Q85610468" class="extiw">数据项</a></li></ul></span>
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<table style="font-size:0.9em; text-align:left; background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#F9F9F9); float:right;color: inherit;">
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="1"><h2 id="chan_chu"><span id="id-.E8.9F.BE.E8.9C.8D" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蟾蜍</h2>
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<p>《春秋運斗樞》曰：政紀乖，則蟾蜍月精，四頭感翔。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt4" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>感翔，為妖。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《韓詩外傳》曰：魚網之設，鴻則罹之；燕婉之求，得此戚施。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>薛君曰：戚施。蟾蜍，↓↓喻醜惡。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《文子》曰：蟾蜍辟兵，壽在五月之望。</p>
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<p>《淮南子》曰：月照天下，而蝕於蟾諸；騰蛇游霧，而殆於蝍蛆。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>蟾諸，月中蝦蟆，食月，故曰食於蟾諸。殆猶畏也。蝍蛆，蟋蟀，《爾雅》謂之蜻{列蟲}之大腹也，上蛇，蛇不敢動，故曰殆於蝍蛆。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《抱朴子》曰：蟾蜍壽三千歲。</p>
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<p>又曰：肉芝者，謂萬歲蟾蜍。頭上有角，領下有丹書『八』字再重。以五月五日日中時取之，陰乾，百日，以其足畫地，即為流水。帶其左手於身，辟五兵。若敵人射已者，弓弩矢皆反還自向也。</p>
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<p>又曰：辟兵法，或以月蝕時刻三歲蟾蜍喉下有『八』字者血，以書所持之刀劍。</p>
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<p>《玄中記》曰：蟾蜍頭生角，得而食之，壽千歲。又能食山精。</p>
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<p>張衡《靈憲》曰：羿請不世之藥於西王母，姮娥竊之以奔月。遂托身於月，是為蟾蜍。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>《淮南子》同。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《河圖》曰：蟾蜍去月，天下大亂。</p>
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<p>《西京雜記》曰：廣川王發晉靈公冢，得玉蟾蜍一枚，大如拳，腹空容五合，如新玉，取以盛水滴硯。</p>
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<p>崔實《四民月令》曰：五日取蟾蜍，可治惡疽瘡。</p>
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<p>傅玄詩曰：蟾蜍食明月，虹霓薄朝日。</p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="2"><h2 id="xia_ma"><span id="id-.E8.9D.A6.E8.9F.87" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蝦蟇</h2>
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<p>《易通卦驗》曰：夏至小暑，蝦蟇無聲。</p>
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<p>《山海經》曰：藟<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音誄。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>山，湖水出焉，東流注於食水，其中多活師。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>科斗也。《爾雅》或曰活東也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《爾雅》曰：{敬蟲}蟆，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>郭璞注曰：蛙類。音驚，亦曰景。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>科斗，活東。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>蝦蟆子也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《周禮·秋官下》曰：蟈氏掌去蛙黽。焚牡菊，以灰灑之，則死。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>齊魯之間謂蛙為蟈。黽，耿黽也。蟈與耿黽尤怒鳴而聒人耳，故去之。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰：武帝玄鼎五年秋，蛙與蝦蟆俱斗。是歲，四將軍、眾十萬徵南越，開九郡。</p>
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<p>《後漢書》曰：馬援為隗囂使公孫述，歸，謂囂曰：「子陽，井底之蛙耳，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言述志識偏狹，如坎糾戤蛙。事見《莊子》。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>而妄自尊大。不如專意東方。」</p>
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<p>《東觀漢記》曰：彭寵堂上聞蝦蟆聲，在火爐下，鑿地求之，無所得。寵為奴所殺。</p>
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<p>張璠《漢記》曰：靈帝鑄天祿蝦蟆，吐水於平昌門外橋東，注入宮。又作翻車渴烏，施於橋西，灑南北郊。</p>
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<p>《晉書》曰：有蛙鳴於華林園。惠帝問左右曰：「為官乎？為私乎？」侍中賈胤對曰：「在官地為官，在私地為私。」</p>
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<p>《宋書》曰：張暢弟收，常為猘犬所傷，醫云：「食蝦蟆膾。」收甚難之，暢含笑先常，收因此乃食，創亦即愈。</p>
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<p>《南史》曰：沉僧昭，別名法朗，少事天時岳士。梁武陵王紀為會稽太守，宴坐池亭，蛙鳴聒耳。王曰：「殊廢絲竹之聽。」僧昭咒厭十許，口便息。及日晚，王又曰：「欲其復鳴。」僧照曰：「王歡已闌，令汝鳴。」即便嗅胂﹀。</p>
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<p>又齊書曰：卞彬《蝦蟆賦》云：「紆青拖紫，名為蛤魚。」世謂比令仆也。</p>
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<p>又云：「蝌斗惟惟，群浮暗水。惟朝繼夕，筆役如鬼。」比令史咨事也。</p>
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<p>《南史·孝義傳》曰：丘杰，字偉峙，吳興烏程人也。年十四遭母喪，以熟菜有味，不常於口。歲餘，夢見母曰：「死亡是分賓獰呯，何事乃爾荼苦？汝啖生菜，遇蝦蟆毒，靈床前有三丸藥，可取服之。」杰驚起，果得甌，毆中有藥，服之，下科斗子數升。</p>
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<p>《三國典略》曰：周<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:567年_(提及)" title="Category:567年 (提及)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="567年">天和二年</span></a>，齊武安妖人與其徒偽云：「盲躄，因飲泉水，下得金佛，其疾并愈。」於是遠近信之，男女霧集，死晷有老黃蝦蟆毆如金色，乍出乍沒。齊武成及百官已下，莫不飲之。</p>
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<p>《隋書》曰：煬帝在東宮，宮中數有妖變，乃命衛尉少卿蕭吉禳邪氣，於宣慈殿坐祭神。是時孟冬，地久無水，乃有蝦蟆從西南來，入至坐，忽然而失。</p>
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<p>《文子》曰：禽子曰：「多言有益乎」？墨子曰：「蝦蟆蛙黽，日夜恆鳴，口乾舌擗，然而不聽；今觀晨雞，待旦而鳴，天下俱動。多言何益？惟其言之時也。」</p>
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<p>《韓子》曰：越王勾踐欲伐吳，欲民輕死。出，見斗蛙，乃下軾。從者曰：「王何敬也？」曰：「以其有勇氣故也。」其後國人輕命死戰。</p>
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<p>《淮南子》曰：夫蝦蟆為鶉，水蠆為蟌，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音聰。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>皆生於非其類。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>老蝦蟆化為鶉，死晷蠆化為蟌。蟌，蜻蜓也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>惟聖人能知其化。</p>
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<p>又曰：蘭芝以芳，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>芳，香也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>未常見霜。鼓造辟兵，壽盡五月之望。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>鼓造，蓋謂梟，一曰蝦蟆。今世人五月望作梟羹，亦作蝦蟆羹。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《國語》曰：趙襄子以尹鐸有寬政於晉陽，其心必和，乃守晉陽。後晉師圍而灌之，沉竈生蛙，民無叛意。</p>
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<p>《神仙傳》曰：葛玄指蝦蟆使舞，皆應弦節，使止乃止。</p>
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<p>《燕丹子》曰：太子自喜得荊軻，永無秦憂，日與軻之東宮臨池而觀。軻拾磚投蛙，太子令人奉槃金以進。</p>
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<p>《物理論》曰：夫虛無之談，尚其華藻，此尾<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别，请协助查实修正。原字符为：，请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>於春蛙秋蟬，聒耳而已。</p>
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<p>《風俗通》曰：肅肅，蝦蟆掉尾。俗說蝦蟆一跳八尺，再跳丈六。從春至冬，袒裸相逐，無他所作，掉尾肅肅。謹案：蝦蟆既處死晷，其尾又短，正能使掉之，豈能肅肅乎？原其所以，當言夏馬，患蚋，掉尾，振擊，常肅肅也。「蝦蟆」、「夏馬」，音相似。</p>
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<p>崔豹《古今注》曰：科斗，蝦蟆子也。一名懸針，一名玄魚。形圓、有尾，聞雷則尾脫腳生也。</p>
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<p>《廣五行記》曰：懷州凝真觀端閎下柱已五十餘年。道士往往聞有蝦蟆聲，不知何處。後因柱朽壞，以他柱易之，斫之，於柱中得一蝦蟆。其柱又無孔隙。</p>
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<p>《嶺表錄異》曰：唐林藹為高州太守。有鄉野小兒牧牛，聞田中有蛤鳴，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>蛤即大蝦蟆。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>牧童遂捕之。蛤躍入一穴中，遂掘之，乃蠻酋冢也。得一銅鼓，其色翠綠，土蝕數處損缺，其上隱砌獰垽鑄蛙黽之狀。疑其鳴蛙即銅鼓精也。</p>
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<p>《楚辭·七諫》曰：蝦蛙游於藥池。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>芳藥之池。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>成公綏《陰霖賦》曰：百川泛濫橫潦流，竈中生蛙庭運舟。</p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="3"><h2 id="xi_shuai"><span id="id-.E8.9F.8B.E8.9F.80" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蟋蟀</h2>
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<p>《易通系卦》曰：蟋蟀之蟲，隨陰酉卹，居壁向外，趣婦爬戩績，女工之像。今失節不居壁，似女事不成，有淫佚之行，因夜為奸，故為門戶。夜開門戶，人之所由出入；今夜不閉，明非也。</p>
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<p>《易通卦驗》曰：立秋，蜻<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音精。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>蛚<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音列<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>鳴；白露下，蜻蛚上堂。</p>
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<p>京房《易妖占》曰：七月建申為夷，則蟋蟀鳴。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《毛詩·冬蟀》曰：蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其暮。今我不樂，日月其除。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又《豳·七月》曰：七月在野，八月在宇，九月在戶，十月蟋蟀入我床下。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>《箋》云：自七月至十月入我床下，皆謂蟋蟀也。言將寒有漸，非卒來也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>陸機《毛詩疏義》曰：蟋蟀，似蝗而小，正黑，有光澤如漆，有角翅。一名蛩，一名蜻ㄇ。楚人溭之王孫。幽州人謂之促織，督促之言也，里語曰：「趣織鳴，懶婦驚。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《詩義問》曰：蟋蟀，食蠅而化成也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>劉芳《毛詩義筌》曰：蟋蟀，今促織也，一名蜻ㄇ。楚謂之蟋蟀，或謂之蛩，南楚謂之王孫也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>《方言》同。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>蔡邕《月令章句》曰：蟋蟀，或謂之蛩，亦謂之蜻ㄇ，斯螽、莎雞之類。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《禮記·月令》曰：季夏之月，蟋蟀居壁。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《春秋考異郵》曰：立秋，趣織鳴。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>宋均曰：趣織，蟋蟀也。立秋，女功急，故趣也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《春秋潛潭巴》曰：蟋蟀集，天子無遠兵。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《春秋說題辭》曰：趣織為言趣織也，織興事遽，故趣織鳴，女作兼。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《爾雅》曰：蟋蟀，蛩也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>郭璞注曰：今促織也，亦名蜻ㄇ也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《周書·時訓》曰：小暑之日，溫風至；又五日，蟋蟀居壁。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>袁宏《後漢書》曰：崔駰上書曰：「竊聞春陽發而倉庚鳴，秋風厲而蟋蟀吟，鳴蓋氣使之然也。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>干寶《搜神記》曰：朽葦為蛩，麥為<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别，请协助查实修正。原字符为：，请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>奄蝶。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>崔豹《古今注》曰：蟋蟀，一名吟蛩。秋初生，得寒則鳴噪。濟南人謂為懶婦也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>又曰：沙雞，一名促織，一名絡緯，一名蟋蟀。促織，謂鳴聲如急織也。絡緯，謂其聲如紡也。促織，一名促機；絡緯，一名紡緯。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>阮籍詩曰：開秋肇涼氣，蟋蟀鳴床帷。感物懷殷憂，悄然令心悲。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>盧諶《蟋蟀賦》曰：何玆蟲之資生？亦靈智之攸授。享神氣之么眇，體形容之微陋。於時微涼，既戒火靈。告去玄乙，辭宇翔鶤。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音昆。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>南顧風戾戾而動柯，露零零而隕樹。月轉景而西頹，漢回波而東注。厲清響於干宵，激悲聲以迄曙。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>王褒《聖主得賢臣頌》曰：虎嘯而風冽，龍興而致云。蟋蟀俟秋吟，蜉蝣出以陰。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《楚辭》曰：澹容與而獨倚兮，蟋蟀鳴於西堂。</p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="4"><h2 id="diao_lao"><span id="id-.E8.99.AD.E8.9F.A7" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>虭蟧</h2>
|
||
<p>《詩義疏》曰：蝘，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音偃<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>一名虭<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音刀。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>蟧，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音勞。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>蟪蛄也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《爾雅》曰：蜓蚞，螇螰。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>即蝭蟧也，一名蟪蝭蟧，齊人螇<虫固>。題木奚鹿四音。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《家語》曰：孔子謂宰予曰：「違山十里，蟪蛄之聲猶在於耳。」</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《莊子》曰：蟪蛄不知春秋。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>司馬彪注曰：蝭蟧春生夏死，夏生秋死，故不知歲之春秋也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>揚雄《方言》曰：蛥蚗，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>上音折，下音夬。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>齊謂之螇螰；<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>奚鹿兩音。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>楚謂之蟪蛄，或謂之蛉蛄；<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>上音零。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>秦謂之蛥蚗；自關而東謂之虭蟧，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>貂料兩音。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>或謂之蝭<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音帝。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>蟧，或謂之蜓蚞；<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音。廷木<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>西楚與秦通名。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>江東又呼為蟂蟧。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《風土記》曰：秋而蟪蛄鳴於朝，寒蛩鳴於夜。</p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="5"><h2 id="shu_fu"><span id="id-.E9.BC.A0.E8.B2.A0" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>鼠負</h2>
|
||
<p>《爾雅》曰：蟠，鼠負也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>郭璞曰：此甕器底蟲也。舊說伊威鼠婦別名，未詳也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《毛詩·東山》曰：伊威在室。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>伊威，委黍也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>陸機《毛詩疏義》曰：伊威，一名委黍，一名鼠婦。在壁根甕底土中，似白魚者也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《說文》曰：蟠蟅，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音柘。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>鼠婦也。蛜威、委黍，鼠負也。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>干寶《搜神記》曰：豫章有一家婢，在竈下，忽有人長數寸，來竈間。婢誤以履踐殺一人。須臾，遂有數百人著縗麻，持棺迎喪，凶儀皆備，出東門，入園中復舡下。就視，皆是鼠婦，作湯澆殺，遂絕。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>葛洪《治瘧方》曰：取鼠婦蟲十四枚，各以糟封裹之，凡十四丸。臨發，服七丸便愈。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>陶弘景《本草經》曰：鼠婦，一名蟠負，一名伊威，一名委人。俗言鼠多在坎中，背則負之。今作『婦』字，如似乖理。又一名鼠姑。家用此悅媚人，甚多方而應少。</p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="6"><h2 id="du"><span id="id-.E8.A0.B9" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蠹</h2>
|
||
<p>《韓詩外傳》曰：枯魚銜索，於何不蠹？</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《爾雅》曰：蠍，蛣蝴𧌑。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>木中蠹蟲。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>蠍，桑蠹。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>即蛣𧌑也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰：文帝賜尉佗書、衣物，佗因使者獻桂蠹一器。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>文子曰：山生金，反自刻；木生蠹，還自食。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《穆天子傳》曰：天子東游，次雀梁，蠹書於羽陵。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>謂暴書蠹蟲囚曰蠹書也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>杜寶《大業拾遺錄》曰：七年，始安郡獻桂蠹四瓶，瓶別一千頭。紫色，香辛有味。啖之，去陰痰之疾。</p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="7"><h2 id="qiang_yang"><span id="id-.E5.BC.B7.E4.96.B9" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>強䖹</h2>
|
||
<p><small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音芉<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《爾雅》曰：蛄䗐，強䖹也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>郭璞注曰：米穀中蠹小黑蟲也。建平人呼為蛘子。音羊。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《方言》曰：蛄䗐<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音施。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>謂之強蛘。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>郭璞注曰：江東謂之姑䗐也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="8"><h2 id="nie_sang"><span id="id-.E9.BD.A7.E6.A1.91" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>齧桑</h2>
|
||
<p>《爾雅》曰：蠰，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音餉。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>齧桑。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt53" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>郭璞曰：似天牛也，長角，體有白點，喜齧桑樹，作孔藏其中。江東呼為齧髪。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="9"><h2 id="shou_gua"><span id="id-.E5.AE.88.E7.93.9C" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>守瓜</h2>
|
||
<p>《爾雅》曰：蠸<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt54" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音權。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>輿父，守瓜也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt55" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>郭璞注曰：今瓜中黃小蟲，喜食瓜葉，名曰守瓜。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="10"><h2 id="you_yan"><span id="id-.E8.9A.B0.E8.9C.92" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蚰蜒</h2>
|
||
<p>《爾雅》曰：螾墬，入耳。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt56" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>蚰蜒也。墬，音衍。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《方言》曰：自關而東，蚰蜒謂之蚓{衍蟲}，或謂之入耳，或謂之䗅<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt57" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音長<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>𧕯；<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt58" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>所宜切。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>趙魏之間或謂之蚨虶；<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt59" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音扶於。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>北燕謂之䖡蚭。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt60" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>《廣雅》同。䖡，奴六切。蚭，音尼。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="11"><h2 id="fei"><span id="id-.E8.9C.B0" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蜰</h2>
|
||
<p><small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt61" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音肥<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《廣五行記》曰：《春秋·魯莊公二十九年》「蜰」，劉向以為此非中國所有。南越盛暑，男女同川澤，淫亂所生。為蟲臭惡。時公娶齊淫女為夫人。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《後漢書》曰：王莽地皇玄年，蜰蔽天至長安，入未央宮莽，莽發吏捕之。於時天下大亂，尋而莽敗見殺。</p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="12"><h2 id="fei_lian"><span id="id-.E8.9C.9A.E5.BB.89" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蜚廉</h2>
|
||
<p>《本草經》曰：蜚廉，味咸，治血瘀，遂下血，破積聚，療喉痺。生晉地山澤中，二月彩之。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>《吳氏本草》曰：蜚廉蟲，神農、黃帝云治：婦人寒熱。</p>
|
||
|
||
</section><section data-mw-section-id="13"><h2 id="xiang"><span id="id-.E8.A0.81" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蠁</h2>
|
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<p>《爾雅》曰：國<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt62" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音或。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>貉，蟲蚃也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt63" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音許兩切。今呼蛹蟲為蚃。《廣雅》曰：土蛹，蚃蟲。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="14"><h2 id="qiu_sou__yin_qiu_sou_"><span id="id-.E8.9B.B7.E8.9E.8B.E3.80.88.E9.9F.B3.E6.B1.82.E6.90.9C.E3.80.89" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蛷螋<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt64" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音求搜<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></h2>
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<p>《說文》曰：蛷，多足蟲也。</p>
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<p>《廣雅》曰：矜，蛷螋也。</p>
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<p>《博物志》曰：蠷螋蟲溺人影，亦隨所著處生瘡。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt65" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>盧氏曰：以雞腸草搗途，經日即愈。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="15"><h2 id="chen_chong"><span id="id-.E5.A1.B5.E8.9F.B2" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>塵蟲</h2>
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<p>《吳氏本草》曰：塵蟲，一名土鱉。</p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="16"><h2 id="she_gong"><span id="id-.E8.9B.87.E5.85.AC" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>蛇公</h2>
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<p>《異苑》曰：海曲有物名蛇公，形如復蓮花，正白。</p>
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<p>庾闡《楊都賦》曰：蛇公沉光於海曲。</p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="17"><h2 id="zhi_dang__shang_zhi_li_qie__xia_duo_lang_qie_"><span id="id-.E8.9E.B2.E8.9F.B7.E3.80.88.E4.B8.8A.E7.9F.A5.E6.A0.97.E5.88.87.EF.BC.8C.E4.B8.8B.E5.A4.9A.E9.83.8E.E5.88.87.E3.80.89" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>螲蟷<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt66" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>上知栗切，下多郎切<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></h2>
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<p>《爾雅》曰：王，蛈<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt67" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音鐵。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>蝪<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt68" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>音湯。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt69" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>郭璞注曰：即螲蟷也。似蜘蛛，在穴中，有蓋。今河北人呼<虫誓>鯢昜也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="18"><h2 id="jin_hua"><span id="id-.E9.87.91.E8.8A.B1" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>金花</h2>
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<p>竺法真《登羅山疏》曰：金花蟲，大如班貓，形色文彩如金，是龜屬，得之養玩彌日。</p>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="19"><h2 id="zi_mu"><span id="id-.E8.8C.B2.E6.AF.8D" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>茲母</h2>
|
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<p>《淮南子》曰：朝秀不知晦朔。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt70" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>許慎注曰：朝生暮死蟲也，生長上，似蠶蛾，一曰玆母。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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