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144 lines
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh" dir="ltr"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="main.css"/><title>卷五百五十三</title><style typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" about="#mwt3"><![CDATA[@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.header{display:table!important}}]]></style></head><body class="mw-content-ltr sitedir-ltr ltr mw-body-content parsoid-body mediawiki mw-parser-output" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.23.0.0-alpha10" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0" xml:lang="zh"><section data-mw-section-id="0"><span about="#mwt3">
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</span><table class="ws-header" style="border-spacing:0px; padding:0px; width:100%; margin-bottom:0px; border:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#93A6C0); background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#F9F9F9); color: inherit;text-align:center;" about="#mwt3">
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<tbody><tr><td style="width:25%; text-align: left;"><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c554_tai_ping_yu_lan_0552.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0552">禮儀部三十一</a> <span style="color:#999"> ◄ </span></td>
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<td style="width:50%; text-align: center;"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c0_tai_ping_yu_lan.xhtml" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a></b><br/>卷五百五十三·禮儀部三十二</td>
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<td style="width:25%; text-align: right;"><span style="color:#999"> ► </span> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c556_tai_ping_yu_lan_0554.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0554">禮儀部三十三</a><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/></td></tr>
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<td><span style="color: #464646;"><ul id="plainSister-n6118" style="display:inline-block; font-size:93%; line-height:normal; list-style-type:none; list-style-image:none; list-style-position:outside; border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#AAA); float:right; clear:right; margin:0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex; padding:0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex; background-color:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF);color: inherit;"><li class="noprint sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix"><img alt="姊妹计划" resource="./File:Wikimedia-logo.svg" src="images/c1004_Wikimedia_logo.svg_20px_Wikimedia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-type="drawing" class="mw-file-element" style="width:18px; height:18px; " data-title="Wikimedia-logo.svg-20px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png"/></a></span></span><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix">姊妹计划</a>: <a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85605383" title="d:Q85605383" class="extiw">数据项</a></li></ul></span>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="1"><h2 id="zang_song_yi"><span id="id-.E8.91.AC.E9.80.81.E4.B8.80" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>葬送一</h2>
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<p>《易下·系》曰:古之葬者,厚衣之以薪,葬之中野,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>衣之以薪而埋之於中野。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>不封不樹,喪其無數。後世聖人易之以棺椁,蓋取諸《大過》。</p>
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<p>《尚書》曰:周公在豐,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>致政,老在豐也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>將沒,欲葬成周。周公薨,成王葬于畢。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>成王不敢臣周公,故歸于武王,葬畢也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《禮記·曲禮上》曰:助葬必執紼。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>紼,引申索。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《禮記·檀弓上》曰:太公封營丘,比及五世,皆反葬于周。君子曰:「樂,樂其所自生。禮,不忘其本。古之人有言曰:狐死正丘首,仁也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>正丘首,正首丘也。仁,恩也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:舜葬于蒼梧之野,蓋三妃未之從也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>古不合葬。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:葬于北方北首,三代之達禮也,之幽之故也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>北方北首,國北也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:子柳之母死,子碩請具。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>具,喪之器用也。子柳,魯叔仲皮之子,子碩兄。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子柳曰:「何以哉?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言無其財。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子碩曰:「請粥庶弟之母。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>粥謂嫁之也。妾賤,取之曰買之也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子柳曰:「如之何其粥人之母,以葬其母也?不可。」</p>
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<p>又曰:公叔文子升于瑕丘,蘧伯玉從。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>二子衛大夫也。文子,獻公之孫名拔也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>文子曰:「樂哉,斯丘也。死則我欲葬焉。」伯玉曰:「吾子樂之,則瑗請前。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>刺其欲害人良田。瑗,伯玉名也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:成子高寢疾,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>成子高,齊大夫。國成伯,高父也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>慶遺入請曰:「夫子病革矣。如至乎大病,則如之何?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>觀其意也。革,急也。慶遺,封之族。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子高曰:「吾聞之也,生有益于人,死不害于人。吾縱生無益于人,吾可以死害于人哉?我死則擇不食之地而葬我焉。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不食謂不墾耕。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:國子高曰:「葬也者,藏也。藏也者,欲人之弗得見也。是故衣足以飾身,棺周于衣,椁周于棺,土周于椁,反壤樹之哉!」</p>
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<p>又曰:孔子之喪,有自燕來觀者,舍于子夏氏。子夏曰:「聖人之葬人,與人之葬聖人也,子何觀焉?昔者夫子言之曰:吾見封之若堂者矣。見若防者矣,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>防形旁殺平上而長。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>見若覆夏屋者矣,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>覆謂茨瓦也。夏屋,今之門廡也,其形傍廣而卑。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>見若斧者矣,從若斧者焉。馬鬣封之謂也。」</p>
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<p>《禮記·檀弓上》曰:季武子成寢。杜氏之葬在西階之下,請合葬焉。許之。入宮而不敢哭。武子曰:「合葬,非古也。自周公以來,未之有改也。吾許其大而不許其細,何居?」命之哭。</p>
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<p>又曰:子游問具。夫子曰:「稱家之有亡。」子游曰:「有亡惡乎齊?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>惡乎齊,問豐省之比。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>夫子曰:「有無過禮。苟亡矣,斂首足形,還葬,懸棺而封。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不設碑繂,不備禮也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>人豈有非之者哉?」</p>
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<p>又曰:宋襄公葬其夫人,醯醢百瓮。</p>
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<p>《禮記·檀弓下》曰:季子皋葬其妻,犯人之禾。申祥以告,曰:「請庚之。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>申祥,子張子。庚,償也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>子皋曰:「孟氏不以是罪予,朋友不以是弃予,以吾爲邑長于斯也。買道而葬,後難繼也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>恃寵虐民,非也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:延陵季子適齊,于其反也,其長子死,葬于嬴博之間。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>嬴博,齊地,泰山縣是也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>孔子曰:「延陵季子,吳之習于禮者也。」往而觀其葬焉。其坎深不至于泉,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>以生恕死。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其斂以時服。旣葬封,廣輪掩坎,其高可隱也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>輪,從也。隱,據也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>旣封,左袒,右還其封,且號者三,曰:「骨肉歸復于土,命也。若魂氣則無不之也,無不之也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>還,回。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>而遂行。孔子曰:「延陵季子之于禮,其合矣乎!」</p>
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<p>又曰:子路曰:「傷哉貧也!生無以爲養,死無以爲禮也。」孔子曰:「啜菽飲水盡其歡,斯之謂孝;斂手足形,還葬而無椁,稱其材,斯之謂禮。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>還猶疾也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《禮記·王制》曰:天子七日而殯,七月而葬;諸侯五日而殯,五月而葬;大夫、士、庶人三日而殯,三月而葬。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>尊者舒,卑者速。《春秋傳》曰:「天子七月而葬,同軌畢至;諸侯五月,同盟至;大夫三月,同位至;士逾月,外姻至。」<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>三年之喪,自天子達庶人。縣封葬不爲雨止。不封不樹。喪不貳事。</p>
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<p>《禮記·曾子問》曰:「葬引至于堩,日有食之,則有變乎?且不乎?」堩,道也。變謂異禮。}}孔子曰:「昔吾從老聃助葬于巷黨。及堩,日有食之。老聃曰:『丘,止柩就道右,止哭以聽變。』旣明,反而後行。曰『禮也』。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>巷黨,黨名也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>反葬,丘問之曰:『夫柩不可以反也。日有食之,不知其已之遲也,則豈如行哉?』<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>已,止也。數讀爲速。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>老聃曰:『夫柩不早出,不墓宿。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>侵晨夜則近奸寇也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>見星而行者,惟罪人與奔父母之喪者乎!日有食之,安知其不見星也?<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>爲無日而慝,祚豫止。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>且君子行禮,不以人之親痁患。』」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>痁患,病也。以人之父母行禮而恐,懼其有患害不爲也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《禮記·曾子問》曰:「幷有喪,如之何?何先何後?」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>幷謂父母。若親同者,同月死。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>孔子曰:「葬,先輕而後重;其奠也,先重而後輕,禮也。自啓及葬不奠。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不奠,務于當葬者。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>行葬不哀次。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不哀次,輕于在殯者。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>反葬,奠而後辭于殯,遂修葬事。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>殯當爲賓,聲之誤也。辭于賓謂告將葬啓期也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其虞也,先重而後輕,禮也。」</p>
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<p>《禮記·喪大記》曰:君葬用輴,四紼,二碑,禦棺用羽葆;大夫葬用輴,二紼,二碑,禦棺用茅;士葬用國車,二紼,無碑,比出宮,禦棺用功布。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>大夫廢輴,此言輴,非也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《禮記·中庸》曰:父爲大夫,子爲士,葬以大夫,祭以士。父爲士,子爲大夫,葬以士,祭以大夫。</p>
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<p>《左傳·隱公》曰:公將如棠觀魚者,臧僖伯諫,不從。冬,臧僖伯卒。公曰:「叔父有憾于寡人,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>叔父有憾,觀魚不聽也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>寡人弗敢忘。」葬之加一等。</p>
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<p>又曰:元年冬,十月庚申,改葬惠公。公弗臨,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>賈逵曰:改葬,改備禮也。葬嗣君之事,公不臨,言無恩。禮曰改葬細也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>故不書。惠公之薨也,有宋師,太子少,葬故有闕。是以改葬。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言是以,明禮缺故也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰:天子七月而葬,同軌畢至;諸侯五月,同盟至;大夫三月,同位至;士逾月,外姻至。</p>
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<p>《左傳·僖上》曰:許穆公卒于師,葬之以侯,禮也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>男而侯禮,加一等。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>凡諸侯薨于朝會,加一等;<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>諸侯命有三等:公爲上等,侯伯爲中等,子男爲下等。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>死王事,加二等。于是有以袞斂。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>死王事謂朝天子,以命用師。袞斂者,上公九命服袞也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《左傳·宣上》曰:葬敬羸,旱無麻,始用葛憶。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>記禮變之所由。<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>所以引柩,殯則有之以備火,葬則以下柩。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>雨,不克葬,禮也。禮:卜葬先遠日,辟不懷也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>懷,思也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《左傳·成上》曰:宋文公卒。始厚葬,用蜃炭,益車馬,始用殉,重器備。椁有四阿,棺有翰檜。君子謂華元、樂莒「于是乎不臣。臣,治煩去惑者也。今二子者,君生則縱其惑,死又益其侈,是弃君于惡,何臣之爲?」</p>
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<p>《左傳·昭二》曰:叔孫卒,杜泄將以路葬,且盡卿禮。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>路,王所賜叔孫車。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>南遺謂季孫曰:「叔孫未乘路,葬焉用之?且冢卿無路,介卿以葬,不亦左乎?」</p>
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<p>《左傳·昭十二》曰:鄭簡公卒,將爲葬除。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>除葬道。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>及游氏之廟,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>游氏,子太叔族。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>將毀焉。子太叔使其除徒執用以立,而無庸毀。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt53" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>用毀廟具。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>曰:「子産過女,而問『何故不毀』,乃曰『不忍廟也。諾,將毀矣』」。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt54" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>教毀廟者之辭。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>旣如是,子産乃使辟之。毀之,則朝堋;弗毀,則日中而堋。</p>
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<p>《春秋說題辭》曰:葬,尸下藏也。人生于陰,含陽充;死入地,歸所與也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt55" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>宋均注:人生陰謂在胞胎中。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《論語·先進》曰:顔淵死,門人欲厚葬之。子曰:「不可。」門人厚葬之。子曰:「回也視予猶父也,予不得視猶子也。非我也,夫二三子也。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt56" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言顔路在,聽門人厚葬之。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《白虎通》曰:周公以王禮葬何?以爲周公踐祚理政,與天同志。原天之意,子愛周公,與文武不異。故以王禮。</p>
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<p>《爾雅》曰:葬,藏,謂之壙宅。兆塋,域地也。</p>
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<p>《說文》曰:窆,葬下棺也。</p>
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<p>《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記" title="史記">史記</a>》曰:項王已死,楚地皆降漢,獨魯不下。漢乃引天下兵欲屠之。爲其守禮義,爲王死節,乃持項王頭示魯。魯父兄乃降。始楚懷王初封項籍爲魯公,及其死,魯最後下,故以魯公禮葬項籍彭城。</p>
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<p>《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/史記" title="史記">史記</a>》曰:臨江閔王榮,以孝景前四年爲太子,四歲,廢爲臨江王。四年,坐侵廟ヂ爲宮,上征榮詣中尉府。中尉郅都責訊王,王恐,自殺,葬藍田。燕數萬銜土置冢上。百姓憐之。</p>
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<p>又曰:郭解姊子負解之勢,與人飲,强灌之。人怒,拔刀刺殺解姊子,去亡。解姊怒曰:「以翁伯之義,人殺吾子,賊不得。」弃其尸于道,不葬,欲以辱解。解使人微知賊處。賊窘,自歸,具以實告解。解曰:「殺之固當,吾兒不直。」遂去其賊罪。其姊子乃收而葬之。諸公聞之,皆多解之義。</p>
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<p>《戰國策》曰:秦宣太后愛魏餘,病且死,令曰:「我死,必以魏子爲殉。」庸芮爲之說後曰:「以死者爲有知乎?」曰:「無知。」芮曰:「何乃空以生之所愛,葬無知之死人哉?若死者有知,先王之積怒久矣。太后救過不暇,何得私魏子乎?」太后乃止。</p>
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<p>《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》曰:韓信,淮陰人。家貧無行,不得推擇爲吏,又不能治生爲商賈。常從人寄食,其母死,無以葬,乃行營高燥地旁可置萬家者爲冢。</p>
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<p>又曰:張良始所見下邳圮上老父與書者,後十三歲,從高帝過濟北,果得<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt57" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>城山下黃石,取而寶祠之。及良死,幷葬黃石。每上冢,伏<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt58" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>葛祠黃石。</p>
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<p>又曰:衛青貴,而平陽侯曹壽有惡疾,就國。長公主問列侯賢者,左右皆言大將軍。主嘆曰:「此出吾家,常從我奈何?」左右曰:「于今尊貴無比。」于是,主諷皇后,言之上,乃詔青尚平陽主,合葬起冢。</p>
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<p>又曰:三長史害張湯,自殺,昆弟欲厚葬。湯母曰:「湯爲天子大臣,被惡言而死,何厚葬爲?」載以牛車,有棺而無椁。上聞之,曰:「非此母不生此子。」<dfn class="unicode-pua" style="border: 1px solid orange; background: yellow; font-style: normal; cursor: help;" title="此处原字符使用了Unicode私有区编码而无法识别,请协助查实修正。原字符为:,请注意在不同系统中的显示可能完全不同。" about="#mwt59" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></dfn>盡誅三長史。</p>
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<p>又曰:主父偃方貴幸時,客以千數。及死,無一人視,獨孔車收葬焉。上聞之,以車爲長者。</p>
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<p>又曰:霍光薨,上及皇后太后親臨光喪。太中大夫任宣與侍御史五人持節護喪事。賜金錢繒絮,綉被百領,衣五十篋,璧珠璣玉衣,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt60" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>師古曰:《漢儀注》以玉爲襦,如鎧狀,連綴之,以黃金爲縷,腰以下玉爲札,長尺廣二寸,半爲甲。下至足,亦綴以金縷也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>便房、黃腸題凑各一具,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt61" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>蘇材曰:以柏木黃心致累棺外曰黃腸。木頭皆內向,故曰題凑。如淳曰:便房,冢壙中室也。《漢儀注》:天子陵中明中高丈二尺,周二丈,內梓宮,次<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>便椁、柏黃腸題凑也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>東園溫明,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt62" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>服虔曰:東園處此器形如方漆桶開一面,漆畫之,以鏡置其中,以懸尸上,大斂幷蓋之矣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>皆如乘輿制度。載光尸柩以轀<span style="color: red; border: 1px solid red; BACKGROUND: pink" title="未填描述,請補上。" about="#mwt63" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><b><EFBFBD></b></span>京車,黃屋左纛,發材官輕車、北軍五校士軍陳,至茂陵,以送其葬。謚曰宣城侯。發三河卒穿復土起冢,祠堂置園邑三百家。</p>
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<p>又曰:金日殫薨,賜葬具冢地,送以輕車,介士軍至茂陵,謚曰敬侯。</p>
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<p>又曰:楊王孫者,孝武時人也。學黃老之術,家業千金。厚自奉養,生亡所不至。及病且終,先令其子曰:「吾欲倮葬,以反吾真。必亡易吾意。死則爲囊盛尸,尸入地七尺。即下,從足引脫其囊,以身親土。」其子欲默而不從,重廢父命;欲從之,心又不忍。乃往見王孫友人祁侯。祁侯與王孫書。王孫報曰:「蓋聞古之聖王,緣人不忍其親,故爲制禮。今則越之。吾是以裸葬,將以矯世。吾聞之:神精者,天之有;形骸者,地之有。精神離形,各歸其真,故謂之鬼。鬼之爲言歸也。尸塊然獨處,豈有知哉?裹以幣帛,隔以棺椁,支體結束,口含玉石,欲化不得,鬱爲枯臘。千載之後,棺椁朽腐,乃得歸土,就其真宅。」祁侯曰:「善。」遂祼葬。</p>
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<p>又曰:朱雲年七十餘,終于家。病不呼醫藥,遺言:以身服斂,棺周于身,土爲椁,<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt64" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>韋昭曰:燒土爲椁也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>爲丈五墳,葬平陵東郭外。</p>
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<p>又曰:韋玄成爲相,病且死。因使者自白曰:「不勝父子私,願乞體骨,歸葬父墓。」上許焉。</p>
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<p>又曰:朱邑病且死,囑其子曰:「我故爲桐鄉吏,其民愛我,必葬桐鄉。後世子孫奉我,不如桐鄉民。」及死,其子葬之桐鄉西郭外,民果共爲邑起冢立祠,歲祠祭,至今不絕。</p>
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<p>又曰:孔光薨,王莽白太后,使九卿策贈以太師、博山侯印綬,賜乘輿秘器金錢雜帛。少府供帳,公卿百官會吊。送葬,載以乘輿及副各一乘,羽林孤兒、諸生合四百人挽送,車萬餘兩。將作穿復土,河東卒五百人起墳,如大將軍王鳳制度。</p>
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<p>又曰:董賢死,見廢,裸診其尸,因埋獄中。賢所厚吏沛人朱詡自劾。去大司馬府,備棺衣,收賢尸葬之。王莽聞之,大怒,以他罪系殺詡。</p>
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<p>又曰:楚王戊女解憂妻烏孫。公主上書言年老思鄉,願得歸骸骨葬漢地。天子憫而迎之。公主與孫男女三人俱來。後二歲卒,三孫因留守墳墓。</p>
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<p>又曰:樓護字君卿,結交士大夫,無所不傾其。交士長者,尤見親敬。母死,送葬者致車二三千兩。</p>
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<p>《後漢書》曰:<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:69年_(提及)" title="Category:69年 (提及)" about="#mwt65" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="69年">永平十二年</span></a>,詔曰:「昔曾閔奉親,竭歡致養;仲尼葬子,有棺無椁。喪貴致哀,禮存寧儉。今百姓送終之制,競爲奢靡,生者無擔石,而財力盡于墳土;伏臘無糟糠,而牲牢兼于一奠。靡破積代之業,以供朝夕之費,豈孝之意哉?有司其申明科禁,宣下郡國。」</p>
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<p>范曄《後漢書》曰:孔僖拜臨晋令,卒官,遺令即葬。二子長彥幷十餘歲,蒲阪令許君然勸令反魯。對曰:「今載柩而歸,則違父令;舍墓而去,心所不忍。」遂留華陰。</p>
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<p>《續漢書》曰:張奐,<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:181年_(提及)" title="Category:181年 (提及)" about="#mwt66" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="181年">光和四年</span></a>卒,遺令曰:「吾前後仕進,十腰銀艾,不能和光同塵,爲讒邪所忌。但地底冥冥,長無曉期,而復纏以纊綿,牢以釘密,爲不喜耳。今幸有前穿,朝隕夕下,措尸靈床,幅巾而已。奢非桓文,儉非王孫,推情從意,庶免咎吝。」諸子從之。</p>
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<p>又曰:周暢字伯持,性仁慈,爲河南尹。<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:需要指定公元的紀年" title="Category:需要指定公元的紀年" about="#mwt67" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span title="請指定為“108年”或“421年”">永初二年</span></a>夏,旱,久禱無應。暢因收葬洛城旁客死骸骨凡萬餘人,應時澍雨,歲乃豐稔。位至光祿勛。</p>
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<p>《東觀漢記》曰:光武發薊還,士衆喜樂,鼓聲歌咏,八荒震動。過范陽,命諸將收葬吏士。又東平王蒼葬,章帝訪,詔有司加賜鑾路、乘馬、龍旗、九旒、虎賁百人。</p>
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<p>又曰:東海王强薨。追念强雅性恭儉,不欲令厚葬以違其意,詔中常侍杜岑、東海相傳曰:「王恭謙好禮,以德自終。敕官屬遣送,務行約省。茅車瓦器,以成王志。」</p>
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<p>又曰:王丹,閭里有喪憂,輒度其資用,教之儉約,因爲其制日定葬。其親喪,不過留殯一月,其下以輕重爲差。</p>
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<p>又曰:梁鴻病因,與高伯通及會稽士大夫語曰:「昔延陵季子葬于嬴博之間,不歸其鄉,慎勿聽妻子持尸柩去。」終後,伯通等爲求葬處。有要離冢高燥,衆人曰:「要離,古烈士。今伯鸞亦清高,令相近。」遂葬要離冢旁。子孫歸扶風。</p>
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