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126 lines
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh" dir="ltr"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="main.css"/><title>卷七百九十九</title><style typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles mw:Transclusion" about="#mwt1"><![CDATA[@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.header{display:table!important}}]]></style></head><body class="mw-content-ltr sitedir-ltr ltr mw-body-content parsoid-body mediawiki mw-parser-output" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.23.0.0-alpha10" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0" xml:lang="zh"><section data-mw-section-id="0"><span about="#mwt1">
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<tbody><tr><td style="width:25%; text-align: left;"><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c800_tai_ping_yu_lan_0798.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0798">四夷部十九</a> <span style="color:#999"> ◄ </span></td>
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<td style="width:50%; text-align: center;"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c0_tai_ping_yu_lan.xhtml" title="太平御覽">太平御覽</a></b><br/>卷七百九十九·四夷部二十</td>
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<td style="width:25%; text-align: right;"><span style="color:#999"> ► </span> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="c802_tai_ping_yu_lan_0800.xhtml" title="太平御覽/0800">四夷部二十一</a><span style="display:inline-block; inline-size:1em;"/></td></tr>
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<td><span style="color: #464646;"><ul id="plainSister-n8453" style="display:inline-block; font-size:93%; line-height:normal; list-style-type:none; list-style-image:none; list-style-position:outside; border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#AAA); float:right; clear:right; margin:0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex 0.5ex; padding:0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex 0.0ex; background-color:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF);color: inherit;"><li class="sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Template:Textinfo" title="Template:Textinfo"><img alt="Documentation for the TextInfo template." resource="./File:Information_icon.svg" src="images/c1007_Information_icon.svg_20px_Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-type="drawing" class="mw-file-element" style="width:18px; height:18px; " data-title="Information_icon.svg-20px-Information_icon.svg.png"/></a></span></span><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Talk:太平御覽/0799" title="Talk:太平御覽/0799">版本<span typeof="mw:LanguageVariant" data-mw-variant="{"twoway":[{"l":"zh-hant","t":"資訊"},{"l":"zh-hans","t":"信息"}]}"/></a></li><li class="noprint sisitem"><span class="sisicon" style="padding-right:1ex;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix"><img alt="姊妹计划" resource="./File:Wikimedia-logo.svg" src="images/c1004_Wikimedia_logo.svg_20px_Wikimedia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-type="drawing" class="mw-file-element" style="width:18px; height:18px; " data-title="Wikimedia-logo.svg-20px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png"/></a></span></span><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix">姊妹计划</a>: <a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85611884" title="d:Q85611884" class="extiw">数据项</a></li></ul></span>
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</section><section data-mw-section-id="1"><h2 id="bei_di_yi"><span id="id-.E5.8C.97.E7.8B.84.E4.B8.80" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>北狄一</h2>
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<section data-mw-section-id="2"><h3 id="zong_xu_bei_di_shang"><span id="id-.E7.B8.BD.E6.95.98.E5.8C.97.E7.8B.84.E4.B8.8A" typeof="mw:FallbackId"/>總敘北狄上</h3>
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<p>《說文》曰：狄，犬種，字從「犬」。狄之言淫僻也。</p>
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<p>《白虎通》曰：狄者，易也，言僻易無別。</p>
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<p>《風俗通》曰：胡者，謹按《<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/漢書" title="漢書">漢書</a>》，山戎之別種也。貊者，略也，云無禮法。又胡者，互也，其被髮左衽，言語贄幣，事殊互也。</p>
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<p>《晉中興書》曰：胡者，北狄之總名也。</p>
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<p>《詩》曰：《釆薇》，遣戍役也。文王之時，西有昆夷之患，北有玁狁之難，以天子之命，命將帥遣戍役，以守衛中國，故歌《釆薇》以遣之，《出車》以勞還，《枤杜》以勤歸也。釆薇釆薇，薇亦作止。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt4" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>薇，菜。作生也。西伯將遣戍役，先與之期以釆薇之時。今薇生矣，可以行矣。重言「釆薇」，丁寧行期也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>曰歸曰歸，歲亦暮止。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>又丁寧歸期，定其心也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>靡室靡家，玁狁之故。不遑啟居，玁狁之故。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>玁狁，北狄也。古者師出不逾時，今薇生而行，歲晚乃歸，使汝無室家夫婦之道，不暇跪居者，有玁狁之難也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：我戍未定，靡使歸聘。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>聘，問也。定，止也。我方守於北狄，未得止息，無所使歸問言，所以憂也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：戎車既駕，四牡業業。豈敢定居？一月三捷。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>一月之中，三有勝功，謂侵也、伐也、戰也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：豈不日戒？玁狁孔棘。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>戒，警敕軍事也。孔，甚。棘，急也。言君子小人，豈不日相警戒乎？獫狁之難甚急，預述其苦以勸之。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：王命南仲，往城於方。出車彭彭，旂旐央央。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>王，殷王也。南仲，文王之屬方，朔方近獫狁之國也。彭彭，駟馬貌。王使南仲為將，率往筑城於朔方，為軍壘以御北狄之難。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>天子命我，城彼朔方。赫赫南仲，玁狁於襄。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt11" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>襄，除也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：昔我往矣，黍稷方華。今我來思，雨雪載塗。王事多難，不遑啟居。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt12" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>途凍釋也。黍稷方華，朔方之地六月時也，以此出徵，至春凍始釋而來反。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：執訊獲丑，薄言還歸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt13" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>訊，言。丑，眾也。執其可言問所獲之眾以歸者當獻之。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>赫赫南仲，玁狁於夷。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt14" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>夷，平也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：《六月》，宣王北伐也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt15" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>《六月》，言周室微而復興，美宣王之北伐也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>六月棲棲，戎車既飭。四牡騤騤，載是常服。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt16" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>棲棲，簡閱貌。飭，正也。日月為常，服，戎服也。記六月者，盛夏出兵，明其急也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>玁狁孔熾，我是用急。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt17" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>熾，盛也。此序吉甫之意也。北狄來侵甚熾，故王以急遣我。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：玁狁匪茹，整居焦獲。侵鎬及方，至於涇陽。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt18" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>焦獲，周地名也，接於獫狁者也。匪，非也。茹，度也。鎬與方，皆北方地名。言獫狁之來侵，非其所當度為也，乃自整齊而處周之焦獲，來侵至涇水之北，言其太恣也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：薄伐玁狁，至於太原。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt19" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>言遂出之而已。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：文武吉甫，萬邦為憲。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt20" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>吉甫，尹吉甫也，有文有武。憲，法也。吉甫此時大將也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>吉甫燕喜，既多受祉。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt21" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>祉，福也。吉甫既伐獫狁而歸，天子以燕禮樂之，則歡喜矣，又多受享賜也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：顯允方叔，徵伐玁狁。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt22" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>方叔先與吉甫徵伐獫狁。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：《車攻》，宣王復古也。宣王能內修政事，外攘夷狄，復文武之境土。</p>
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<p>又曰：《漸漸之石》，下國刺幽王也，戎狄叛之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt23" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>山石漸漸然高峻，不可登而上，喻戎狄眾強而無禮，不可得而復也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：《何草不黃》，下國刺幽王也。四夷交侵，中國背叛，用兵不息，視民如禽獸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt24" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>用兵不息，自歲始至歲晚，何草不黃？<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《禮》曰：北方曰狄，衣羽毛，穴居，有不粒食者。</p>
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<p>《周禮》曰：職方氏，掌天下之圖，以掌天下之地，辨其幫國、都鄙、四夷、八蠻、七閩、九貉、五戎、六狄之人民與其財用、九谷、六畜之數要，周知其利害。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt25" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>北方曰貉、狄。四、八、七、九、五、六，周之所服國數也。利，金錫竹箭之屬；害，神奸鑄鼎所象百物也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：司隸，掌五隸之法，辨其物而掌其政令。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt26" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>五隸，謂罪隸四狄之屬也。物，衣服兵器之屬。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>夷隸，掌養牛馬與鳥言。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt27" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>鄭司農云：夷、狄之人，或曉鳥獸之言，故《春秋傳》曰：「介葛廬聞牛鳴，曰：『是生二犧，皆用矣。』」是以夷隸職掌與獸言。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《左傳》曰：北戎侵鄭，鄭伯御之，公子突曰：「戎輕而不整，貪而無親，勝不相讓，敗不相救。」</p>
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<p>又曰：晉里克帥師，梁由靡御，以敗狄於釆桑。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt28" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>平陽北屈縣西南有釆桑津。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>梁由靡曰：「狄無恥，從之必大克。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt29" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>不恥走也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>里克曰：「懼之而已，無速眾狄。」</p>
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<p>又曰：晉侯敗狄於箕，卻缺獲白狄子。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt30" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>白狄，狄之別種也。故西河郡有白部胡。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：鄋瞞侵齊，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt31" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>鄋瞞，狄國名。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>遂伐魯。魯使叔孫得臣敗狄於咸，獲長狄僑如，富父終甥𢰦其喉，以戈殺之，埋其首於子駒之門。</p>
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<p>又曰：赤狄侵齊，又侵晉，取向陰之禾。晉滅赤狄潞氏，以潞子嬰兒歸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt32" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>潞，赤狄之別種也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又《成下》曰：潞子嬰兒之夫人，晉景公之姊也。酆舒為政而殺之，又傷潞子之目。晉侯將伐之，諸大夫皆曰：「不可。酆舒有三俊才。」伯宗曰：「狄有五罪：不祀一也；嗜酒二也；弃仲章而奪黎氏地，三也；虐我伯姬，四也；傷其君目，五也。天反時為災，地反物為妖，民反德為亂，亂則妖災生，故文，反『正』為『乏』。盡在狄矣。」晉侯從之，晉荀林父敗赤狄於曲梁，晉侯賞桓子狄臣千室。</p>
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<p>又曰：無終子嘉父使孟樂如晉，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt33" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>無終，山戎國名。孟樂，其使臣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>因魏莊子納虎豹之皮，以請和諸戎。晉侯曰：「戎狄無親而貪，不如伐之。」魏絳曰：「勞師於戎，諸華必叛。戎，禽獸也。獲戎失華，無乃不可乎？」公曰：「然則莫如和戎乎？」對曰：「和戎有五利焉：戎狄荐居，貴貨易土，土可賈焉，一也；邊鄙不聳，民狎其野，穡人成功，二也；戎狄事晉，四鄰振動，諸侯威懷，三也；以德綏戎，師徒不勤，甲兵不頓，四也；鑒於后羿而用德度，遠至邇安，五也。」</p>
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<p>又曰：鄭人賂晉侯歌鍾二肆，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt34" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>肆，列也。縣鍾十六為一肆。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>及其鍾磬，女樂二八。晉侯以樂之半賜魏絳，曰：「子教寡人和諸戎狄，以正諸華。八年之中，九合諸侯。如樂之和，無所不諧。請與子樂之。」辭曰：「夫和戎狄，國之福也。臣何力之有焉？」公曰：「微子無以待戎。夫賞，國之典也，子其受之。」魏絳於是乎始有金石之樂，禮也。</p>
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<p>又曰：魯襄公十八年，白狄始來。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt35" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>白狄，狄之別名，未嘗與魯掠，故曰始來也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：晉荀吳帥師敗狄於大鹵。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt36" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>大鹵，太原晉陽縣也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：晉中行穆子敗無終及群狄於太原，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt37" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>即大鹵也。無終，山戎也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>將戰，魏舒曰：「彼徒我車，所遇又厄，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt38" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>地險不便車。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>以什共車，不克。」<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt39" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>更增十一，以當一車之用。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>乃毀車以為行，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt40" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>毀車為步陣。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>為五陣以相離，兩於前，五於後，專為右角，參為左角，偏為前拒以誘之。狄人笑之，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt41" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>笑其失常。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>未陣而薄之。大敗之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt42" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>《傳》言荀吳能用善謀。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：晉梁丙率陰戎伐潁，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt43" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>潁，周邑。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>王使詹桓伯辭於晉曰：「我在伯父，猶衣服之有冠冕，木水之有本原，民人之有謀主也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt44" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>民人謀主，宗族之師長。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>伯父若裂冠毀冕，拔本塞源，專棄謀主，雖戎狄，其何有餘一人？<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt45" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>伯父猶然，則難戎狄無所可責。」<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：晉荀吳偽會齊師者，假道於鮮虞，遂入晉陽，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt46" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>鮮虞，白狄別種。晉陽，肥國。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>滅肥，以肥子綿皋歸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt47" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>肥，白狄也。縣皋，其君名。鉅鹿下曲陽西南有肥累城。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：晉荀吳帥師伐鮮虞，圍鼓三日，鼓人告食竭力盡，而后取之。克鼓而反，不戮一人，以鼓子鳶鞮歸。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt48" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>鳶鞮，鼓君名。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：晉荀躒如周葬穆后，籍談為介。王求彞器，籍談曰：「晉居深山，戎狄之與鄰，而遠於王室，王靈不及，拜戎不暇，其何以獻器？」王曰：「叔父，唐叔成王之母弟也；密須之鼓與其大路，文所以蒐也；<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt49" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>密須，姞姓國也。文王伐之，得其路鼓以蒐。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>闕鞏之甲，武所以克商也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt50" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>闕鞏國所出鎧。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>唐叔受之，處參虛，撫有戎狄。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt51" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>參，實沈之次，晉之分野。」<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：晉侯訓兵於稷，以略狄土。</p>
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<p>《谷梁傳》曰：中國，夷狄曰大鹵。</p>
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<p>《爾雅》曰：北至於祝栗。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt52" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>左極遠之國。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：觚竹、北戶、西王母、日下，謂之四荒。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt53" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>觚竹在北，北戶在南，西王母在西，日下在東，四方昏荒之國。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：九夷、八狄、七戎、六蠻，謂之西海。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt54" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>八狄在北。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：北載斗極為空桐，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt55" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>載，值也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>空桐之人武。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt56" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>地氣使之然也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《論語》曰：管仲相桓公，霸諸侯，一匡天下，民到於今受其賜。微管仲，吾其被髮左衽矣！<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt57" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>微管仲，則君不君，臣不臣，皆為夷狄。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：子曰：「夷狄之有君，不如諸夏之亡也。」</p>
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<p>《國語》曰：鄭人伐滑，王使游孫伯請滑，鄭人執之。王怒，將以狄伐鄭。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt58" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>狄，隗姓之國也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>富辰諫曰：「不可！夫狄，無列於王室，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt59" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>列，位次也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>豺狼之德也。王不忍小忿而棄鄭，又登叔隗以階狄，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt60" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>階狄禍。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>狄封豕豺狼，不可厭也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt61" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>厭，足也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>」王弗聽。十八年，王黜狄后，黜廢也。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt62" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>狄后既立，而通於王子帶，王故廢之也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>狄人來誅殺譚伯。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt63" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>狄人奉子帶，攻王而殺譚伯。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>初，惠后欲立王子帶，故以其黨啟狄人，狄人遂入周，王乃出居於鄭。</p>
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<p>又曰：晉侯使隨會聘於周，王饗之肴蒸，原公相禮，范子私於原公曰：「吾聞王室之禮無毀折，今此何禮也？」原公以告於王，王召士季<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt64" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>范子字也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>曰：「親戚宴饗則有肴蒸，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt65" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>蒸，升也，升折俎之肴也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>惟戎狄則有體荐。夫戎狄冒沒輕儳，貪百不讓，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt66" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>冒，抵觸也。沒，入也。儳，進退無列。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>其血氣不治，若禽獸焉。其適來班貢，不俟馨香嘉味，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt67" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>適，往也。班，賦也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>故坐諸門外，而使舌人體委與之。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt68" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>舌人，能達四方之志，象胥之官。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>汝今我王室之一二兄弟，以時相見，於是乎有折俎加豆，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt69" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>加豆，謂既食之後，所加之豆也。其實芹俎兔醢之屬。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>以示容合好，胡有效戎狄也？」</p>
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<p>又曰：驪姬曰：「以皋落狄之朝夕苛我邊鄙，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt70" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>皋落，東山狄。苛，擾也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>君盍使申生伐狄？若不勝狄，雖濟其罪可也。且夫勝狄，諸侯驚懼，吾邊鄙不警。」公說，使申生伐東山。至稷桑，<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt71" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>稷桑，皋落狄地。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small>狄人出逆。申生欲戰，狐突諫曰：「不可。」果戰敗狄於稷桑。</p>
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<p>又曰：公令閹楚刺重耳，重耳逃於狄。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt72" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>狄，北狄，隗姓。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>又曰：襄王避叔帶之難，居於鄭地。子犯曰：「君盍納王？」公乃行賂於草中之戎、驪土之狄，以啟東道。<small style="color:var(--color-destructive--visited,#996666)" about="#mwt73" typeof="mw:Transclusion"><span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〈</span>二邑戎狄，在晉之東也。<span style="color:transparent;font-size:0px">〉</span></small></p>
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<p>《尚書大傳》曰：狄人將攻大王亶父，亶父召耆老而問曰：「狄人何欲？」耆老對曰：「欲得菽粟、財貨。」太王曰：「與之。」每與而狄人之至不止。太王問耆老曰：「狄人又何欲？」耆老曰：「又欲土地。」太王曰：「與之。」耆老曰：「君不為社稷乎？」太王曰：「社稷所以為民也，不可以所為亡民也。」耆老曰：「君縱不為社稷，不為宗廟乎？」太王曰：「宗廟者，私也，不可以吾私害民也。」遂杖策而去，過梁山，止乎岐山。周氏之民，奔而從之者三千乘。</p>
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<p>《詩含神霧》曰：四方蠻貊，制作器物多與中國反。書則橫行，食則合和，伏則交腳，鼓則細腰，如此之類甚眾。中國之所效者，貂蟬、胡床、胡飯。</p>
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<p>《春秋考異郵》曰：北狄之氣，主生幽都。</p>
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</section></section></body></html>
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